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Published: Aug. 15, 2015, 5:17 a.m.

This time Laszlo finishes off the Qin in two parts as promised.  Apologies for the lopsidedness of it all.  In this extra long episode Laszlo takes the Qin to their height and examines their legacy.  The Qin Dynasty had a spectacular fall lasting only a few years after the early death of its founder Qin Shihuang.

TERMS FROM THIS EPISODE

Qin Shihuang  秦始皇  The First Qin Emperor, Ying Zheng

Shang Yang  商鞅  Great Qin statesman, helped make the Qin. 390-338 BCE

Qin  秦  The kingdom and later dynasty, led by the Ying Clan.

Ying Zheng   嬴政  Qin Shihuang's name 

Duke Xiao   秦孝公  Qin Xiao Gong He lived 381 to 338 BCE

King Huiwen or King Hui  秦惠文王  King of Qin 338-311 BCE, son of Zhaoxiang

Chengdu   成都  Largest city and capital of Sichuan, site of the ancient Shu Kingdom

Qinling Mountains  秦岭Mountain range separating Shaanxi from Sichuan, also Qin Mountains (ling 岭means mountain range)

Wei River   渭河  One of the major tributaries of the Yellow River

Shaanxi  陕西 Province in China, capital is Xian

Sichuan  四川  Province in southwest China

Shu  蜀国  Shu State near Chengdu

Shiniu Dao  石牛道 the Stone Cattle Road

Ba State   巴国  Ba State near Chongqing

Chongqing  重庆  Municipality formerly part of Sichuan

Wu Lizhen   吴理真  Planted seven tea trees on Mengding Mountain, first known tea cultivation

Mengding Shan  蒙顶山 Mountain near Chengdu site of the first known cultivation of tea

Sanxingdui   三星堆  Archaeological discovery of an ancient non-Han civilization located halfway between Chengdu and Deyang.

Jinsha   金沙  Another great archaeological discovery near Chengdu.

Dujiangyan  都江堰  One of the most important irrigation projects in Chinese history. It tamed the Min River and  changed the face of agriculture in Sichuan.

Li Bing   李冰  The Qin governor down in Sichuan, directed construction of Dujiangyan.

Fan Sui  范睢  died 255 BCE, gave his king Zhaoxiang the winning strategy

King Zhāoxiāng, Qin Zhao Wang  昭襄王   Qin leader, reined 306-251 BCE

Bai Qi白起  Qin general served under Zhaoxiang.  Undefeated.

Meixian陕西眉县 Mei County in Shaanxi, west of Xian.

Ren Tu  人屠  The Butcher of Men, Bai Qi's nickname (well-earned I might add)

Si Da Ming Jiang  四大名将  the four great generals of the day.  Bai Qi白起, Lian Po  廉颇, Li Mu李牧 and  Wang Jian 王翦

Battle of Changping   长平之战 The bloody battle where the Qin demolished the Zhao 262-260 BCE

Chu State   楚国  Chu State  near Hubei

Zuo Shu zhang 秦朝左庶长 left militia general

Han  韩国  The Han Sate, sandwiched between Chu, Qin and Wei

Wei  魏国  Kingdom of Wei, east of Qin, south of Zhao

Yichuan County  伊川县is located in Henan just south of Luoyang near the famous Longmen Grottoes.

The Longmen Grottoes  龙门石窟  UNESCO Heritage site containing thousands of statues of Buddha and paintings.

Battle of Yique伊阙, near modern day Longmen, 293 BCE Qin defeated the combined armies of Wei and Han.

Sima Cuo  司马错 Qin general. Advised Huiwen to annex Shu and Ba

Huaxia  华夏  Ancient core China early name

Zhao   赵国  Zhao State  in the Yellow River Valley

Handan   City in Hebei Province, also the capital of Zhao

Zhao Kuo   赵括 Son Zhao She, got beat bad at the Battle of Changping

Zhao She赵奢 Zhao general who once gave the Qin a lickin'

chengyu   成语 Chinese saying or proverb, usually but not always four characters

zhishang tan bing 纸上谈兵  To discuss military strategy on paper

King Xiaocheng趙孝成王 King of Zhao who pulled Lian Po from the roster and put in Zhao Kuo

Huaihai Campaign   淮海战役One of the three final campaigns of the Chinese Civil War of 1948-49.

Sima Qian  司马迁  China's Herodotus, writer of the Records of the Grand Historian

Gaoping 高平  County level city in southeast Shanxi, site of the Battle of Changping

Shanxi   山西 Province in China just east of Shaanxi

Shennong   神农  The Divine Farmer, legendary discoverer of tea who gifted the Shen Nong Classic of Herbal Medicine.

Yan Di    炎帝 The Flame Emperor, considered to be Shennong

Zhou  周朝  The Zhou Dynasty

Ji clan    姬家族  The Zhou Dynasty ruling family

King Nǎn, Zhou Nan Wang周赧王 Last emperor of the Zhou Dynasty

King Xiaowen 秦孝文王 Also known as Lord Anguo, Qin Shihuang's grandfather. Didn't reign too long.

Shi Ji   史记  The Records of the Grand Historian by Sima Qian

Han Dynasty  汉朝 One of China's greatest dynasties 206 BCE-220 CE

Lü Buwei  吕不韦  The man who put Qin Shihuang's father on the throne. Regent for young Qin Shihuang.

Zhao Ji 赵姬 Qin Shihuang's mother and a lover to many men (so says Sima Qian)

Lao Ai  嫪毐 Introduced to Zhao Ji after she became the Queen Dowager, tried and failed to seize power

Li Si   李斯 Took the philosophy of Legalism to great heights. Qin Shihuang's right hand man.

Zhao Gao 赵高 Palace eunuch who conspired with Li Si against Qin Shihuang's wishes.

Fu Su   扶苏 Qin Shihuang's heir, tricked into committing suicide

Hu Hai  胡亥 Younger son of Qin Shihuang, allowed Lao Ai and Li Si to stack the deck and allow him to become the new emperor

Meng Tian  蒙恬  Great Qin general who did most of his fighting in the north.  Key person in the construction of the Great Wall

Wey State卫国 Different from Wei State 魏国.  Absorbed by Jin before it broken up。Lü Buwei was from Wey.

Zichu 子楚 Other name of Qin Shihuang's father and later King Zhuangxiang.

Lady Huayang  华阳夫人 Wife of Qin King Xiaowen

Zhengguo Canal  郑国渠  joined together the Jing and Luo Rivers, both tributaries of the Wei. Named after the builder Zheng Guo

Chelie 车裂  An ancient punishment where a person was tied to five chariots and pulled apart.

Lin Biao  林彪  Great military man and one time heir to Chairman Mao.

Jing Ke  荆轲  Assassin from Yan who wasn't able to bury his poison dagger into Ying Zheng

Yan   燕国  Yan State near Beijing

Chen Kaige 陈凯歌 Great Chinese film director. The Emperor and the Assassin

Gong Li  巩俐  Famous and talented Chinese actress

Zhang Yimou 张艺谋 One of the great film directors of China

Xiang Yu   项羽  The hegemon of Chu State, fought Liu Bang and lost.  Featured in CHP episode 91

Qi   齐国  Qi State  near Shandong

Zibo 淄博 Former capital of the Qi State

Lu  鲁国  State to the south of Qi.  Confucius came from Lu.

Qi Lu Liangguo 齐鲁两国  The two Shandong kingdoms of Qi and Lu

Shandong   山东  Northeastern province of China

Wang Ben  王贲 Son of one of the four great generals of the Warring States period

Zhou Wu Wang 周武王 Co-founder of the Zhou, brother of the Duke of Zhou

Shang Dynasty   商朝  The Shang Dynasty 1600 BCE - 1046 BCE

King Zhou 商纣王  Last Shang King, and a wicked one at that. Also known as Di Xin

Huangdi  皇帝  Emperor

San Huang Wu Di   三皇五帝  The mythical Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors

Shi'er Jinren  十二金人  Twelve Gold Men made from all the melted down weapons handed in from the defeated warring states

Xianyang   咸阳 Near modern day Xian. Capital of Qin

Lingnan   岭南the southern region of China comprising mostly Guangdong and Guangxi

Guangdong 广东 southernmost province of continental China and a rich one at that

Guangxi  广西 An autonomous region just west of Guangdong

Fujian  福建  Province just north of Guangdong

Baiyue百越 The Hundred Yue

Nanyue  南越 the southern Yue

Tu Sui  屠睢  Qin general who got schooled when he invaded the Lingnan region

Han Wudi 汉武帝 Great conquering emperor of the Western Han Dynasty

beifang caoyuan 北方草原  The grasslands of the north

Xiongnu  匈奴  Also referred to sometimes as the Huns, a northern nomadic people

Xiang Jiang  湘江 The Xiang River

Dongting Lake  洞庭湖 the dividing marker between Hubei and Hunan.

Guilin  桂林 Gorgeous city in Guangxi

Li Jiang  漓江 the Li River (not to be confused with the other Li River 丽江

Min 岷江  Min River in Sichuan, tamed by the Dujiangyan irrigation project

Lingqu Canal 灵渠 The Ling Canal...linked the Xiang with the Li

Qinchao Sanda Shuiligongcheng秦朝三大水利工程  The three great irrigation project of the Qin

Shi Lu史禄  Architect of the Ling Qu, the Ling Canal

zhishi fenzi知识分子 intellectuals

Huizong 宋徽宗  Song Dynasty emperor, featured in a CHP four-part series

Siku Quanshu 四库全书  The Emperor's Four Treasures, commissioned by Qianlong. 36,381 Volumes divided up into 79,000 chapters, over two million pages and about 800 million characters.

Dapingtai Village 大平台村  The village in Hebei where the Qin emperor died

Qin Èrshì  秦二世  The Second Qin Emperor

Dazexiang Uprising  大泽乡起义The first major uprising against the Qin - July to December in the year 209 BCE

Chen Sheng陈胜also known as Chen She陈涉 One of the leaders of the Dazexiang Uprising

Wu Guang  吴广 The other leader of the Dazexiang Uprising

Liu Bang   刘邦  Han Dynasty founder

Wu Xíng 五刑  The Five Pains.  Tattooing the face, nose cut off, foot cut off, private parts cut off and the fifth pain for Li Si was the old Yāozhǎn.  Cut in half at the waist

Ziying  子婴  The third and final Qin emperor, reigned for 46 days

Battle of Julu  钜鹿之战  fought near present day Xingtai in Hebei, Xiang Yu, leading the Chu army knocked the Qin army out clean in 207 BCE

Luoyang   洛阳  Eastern capital of the Zhou Dynasty

Sanmenxia 三门峡City in Henan in the cradle of Chinese civilization

Nanhai Commandery南海郡 The Qin office that administered the two Guang's, based near Guangzhou

Zhao Tuo  赵佗  Qin officer in charge of the Nanhai Commandery. Founded the Nanyue Kingdom

Lüshi Chunqiu  吕氏春秋 Master Lü's Spring and Autumn Annals.

banliangqian  半两钱 Qin standardized coin that weighed eight liang

banliang  半两 half a liang. 16 liang equaled a jin One Jin was 0.604 kilos or 1.3 lbs

banjin baliang  半斤八两 Our English version of six of one and a half dozen of the other.

 

Historic Teas of China available at Teasenz.com

The Link is here:  HISTORIC TEAS OF CHINA

The Teas you get: 

1.     Dahongpao 大红袍 from Wuyi Mountain, Fujian

2.     Tieguanyin 铁观音 from Anxi, Fujian

3.     Huangshan Maofeng黄山毛峰from Huang Shan Anhui Province

4.     Longjing 西湖龙井 from West Lake, Hangzhou

5.     Two kinds of raw Pu-erh 普洱 tea in loose and brick form.

 

Two books I used prodigiously for this Qin Two-Part series:

 

Frances Wood, "The First Emperor of China"

 

Mark Edward Lewis: "The Early Chinese Empires: Qin and Han"