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In this episode Laszlo examines remarks made by distinguished UCLA Professor of Public Policy Mark Kleiman who had commented on Britain's participation in the Opium War.  The main point was that the cause of the Opium War was due more to protecting imperial tax revenues and the domestic market than trying to stamp out the opium problem. Opium's history in China began centuries before, at least during the Tang and maybe as far back as the Eastern Jin.  The focus of this episode is on opium's history in China prior to the Opium War.

TERMS FROM THIS EPISODE

lao pengyou  老朋友   Old friends.

Xia Dynasty  夏朝

Shang Dynasty  商朝

Eastern Zhou  东周

Eastern Jin   东晋

Nanfang Caomu Zhuang  南方草木装  Western Jin Scholar Ji Han (嵇含)

A Fu Rong 阿芙蓉  Ancient name for opium

A Fei Rong 阿肥蓉   Another name for opium

He Fu Rong 合甫融  Another name for opium

Yapian   鸦片Opium from the Arabic / Persian work afyun

Jiu Tang Shu  旧唐书  The Old Book of Tang

Chen Cangqi’s Bencao Shiyi  陈藏器，本草拾遗   the Supplement to the Materia Medica

Tang Xuanzong  唐玄宗  Tang emperor on duty when the dynasty peaked a second time.

Southern Song  南宋 

Ying Su 罂粟poppy

Su Dongpo    苏东坡  a.k.a. Su Shi  苏轼

Xu Boling  徐伯龄 Wrote in 1483 about opium’s use in China as an aphrodisiac

Siku Quanshu  四库全书  The Complete Library of the Four Treasures

Qianlong 乾隆帝  The long reigning Qianlong emperor

Yongle Emperor   永乐大典  Yongle Encyclopedia

Xie Zhaozhe  谢肇淛 lived in late 16^th – early 17^th century Ming Dynasty China was a prolific writer of books

Ming Chenghua  明成化  Ming emperor

chunyao  春药  aphrodisiac

Li Shízhēn 李時珍 Compendium of Materia Medica, the Bencao Gangmu 本草纲目 - 1578

Tainan  台南  City on south coast of Taiwan

Madak  玛达克  Mixture of opium and tobacco

Ming Chongzhen  明崇祯  Final Ming emperor, committed suicide when the dynasty fell

Wan Li Emperor 明万历  Ming emperor

Shisan Ling   十三陵  the Thirteen Ming Tombs just north of Beijing

Dingling  定陵  The Wanli Emperor's Tomb, excavated in 1956

Lady Zheng  郑贵妃  Wanli Emperor’s favorite consort

Kangxi emperor  康熙  Great and long reigning Qing emperor

Yongzheng Emperor   雍正  Successor to the Kangxi emperor

Jiajing Emperor  嘉靖  Qing emperor who followed the Qianlong emperor

Daoguang emperor  道光   Qing emperor who was on duty when the roof caved in on China

da Tu   大土  Patna opium (big soil)

xiao tu   小土  Malwa opium (马尔瓦鸦片) (small soil)

gong tu   公土   Another name for Malwa opium common soil.

Lin Zexu  林则徐  Chinese hero who stood up to Britain

Zhang Changjia  张昌甲 wrote a book in 1878 called “Opium Talk”, Yan Hua. 

Pu Yi  溥仪  The last Qing emperor

Empress Wanrong  婉容皇后  Empress of China’s last emperor Pu Yi

Chen Chong  陈冲  Joan Chen

Du Yuesheng   杜月笙  Big-Ears Tu

Yapian Guan   鸦片馆  An opium house

Yan Guan   烟馆  An opium house

Ying chou   迎抽 A welcome smoke offered a gues upon arriving at your house

Shen Nong  神农  

Lu Yu   陆羽  

ChineseSkill: Find it at http://www.chinese-skill.com/cs.html

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For more on opium and eroticism in Chinese literature:

Keith McMahon http://kmcmahon.faculty.ku.edu//

Professor, Chinese Language and Literature
East Asian Languages and Cultures
University of Kansas 

Peter Lee's Opium Culture amazon link

Narcotic Culture - A History of Drugs in China