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\\u201cOff\\u201d episodes can become a troubling aspect of Parkinson\\u2019s disease (PD), especially as the disease progresses. These are periods in the day when the effect of levodopa medication wears off, either suddenly or gradually, with a return of motor or non-motor symptoms.

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The good news is that there are several ways to try to minimize \\u201coff\\u201d episodes, including medication timing, medication adjustments, and add-on medications. In this podcast episode, Dr. George Kannarkat, a movement disorders fellow at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, a Parkinson\\u2019s Foundation Center of Excellence, discusses \\u201coff\\u201d episodes, their causes, strategies that people can use today to minimize them, and what new technologies are here or coming along to help lessen them.