Episode 4 - Mesopotamia

Published: Sept. 23, 2020, 3:36 p.m.

Mesopotamian civilization: Tigris and Euphrates River Valleys (Southwest Asia) River valleys were the “cradles of civilization.” Early civilizations made major contributions to social, political, and economic development. · Cuneiform: Sumer · Alphabet: Phoenicia · Use of metal (e.g., bronze, iron) tools and weapons · Increasing agricultural surplus: Better tools, plows, irrigation · Increasing trade along rivers and by the sea (Phoenicians) · Development of the world’s first cities · Development of the practice of slavery within most cultures in the ancient world, taking various forms