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b'(repeat) 400 years ago, some ideas about the cosmos were too scandalous to mention. When the Dominican friar Giordano Bruno suggested that planets existed outside our Solar System, the Catholic Inquisition had him arrested, jailed, and burned at the stake for heresy.\\nToday, we have evidence of thousands of planets orbiting other stars.\\xa0Our discovery of extrasolar planets has dramatically changed ideas about the possibility for life elsewhere in the universe.\\xa0\\nModern theories about the existence of the ghostly particles called neutrinos or of collapsed stars with unfathomable gravity (black holes), while similarly incendiary, didn\\u2019t prompt arrest, of course.\\xa0Neutrinos and black holes were arresting ideas because they came decades before we had the means to prove their existence.\\nHear about scientific ideas that came before their time and why extrasolar planets, neutrinos, and black holes are now found on the frontiers of astronomical research.\\nGuests:\\n\\n\\nAlberto Mart\\xednez\\xa0\\u2013\\xa0Professor of history, University of Texas, Austin, and author of\\xa0Burned Alive: Giordano Bruno, Galileo & the Inquisition\\n\\n\\n\\nAnne Schukraft\\xa0\\u2013\\xa0Associate scientist, Fermilab National Accelerator Laboratory\\n\\n\\n Ephraim Fischbach\\xa0\\u2013\\xa0Professor of physics and astronomy, Purdue University\\n\\n\\nChris Impey\\xa0\\u2013\\xa0Professor of astronomy, University of Arizona, and author of\\xa0Einstein\\u2019s Monsters: The Life and Times of Black Holes\\n\\n\\n\\nLearn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices'