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Donald Trump has been called a setback for many things. America. The global community. The environment. Civil service. Civil society. Civility. Civilization. The list goes on.

One might think he has at least been useful to his own cause. That he could at least claim to have benefited the ideas of populism, nationalism, immigration control, and protectionism. That if anything could avoid being devastated by Trump, it would be Trumpism.

But here are some polls from the past few years. They\\u2019re all on slightly different things, but I think together they tell an interesting story:

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Support for\\xa0global free trade\\xa0mysteriously spiked around 2016.

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So did moral support for\\xa0immigrants.

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\\u2026and, less clearly but still there, support for increasing the\\xa0number of immigrants\\xa0(though see\\xa0here\\xa0for an apparently contrary source).

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\\u2026and opposition to\\xa0deporting illegal immigrants.

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So did belief in\\xa0racial discrimination\\xa0as a major cause of inequality, according to this chart with a completely unbiased title which is willing to let readers decide how to think about this issue for themselves.

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And so did trust in the\\xa0New York Times\\xa0and other\\xa0mainstream media sources.

The clearest example I can find of this effect doesn\\u2019t come from the US at all. It\\u2019s\\xa0Minkus, Deutschmann & Delhey (2018). They find that a large European poll asked the same question about support for the EU the week before and after Trump\\u2019s election. Just after the election, there was a giant spike in support for the EU, \\u201cconsiderable in size, roughly equivalent to three years of education\\u201d. They conclude that:

The election of Trump as a right-wing nationalist with a declared aversion to supranational institutions including the EU \\u2014 did not trigger a domino effect in the same direction in Europe. To the contrary, a rally effect occurred, in which Europe moved closer together, rallying around the EU\\u2019s \\u201cflag.\\u201d This indicates that an event that may at first sight appear to be a global victory for nationalism can immediately trigger measurable sentiments of resistance in another part of the world, actually leading to new impetus for supranationalism.