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On 30th November, 1803 a surgeon called Dr Francisco Javier de Balmis left Spain at the head of the world's first ever international public health expedition.\xa0\nHis ship was bound for the New World, supplied with smallpox vaccines. But the vaccines weren't in syringes or in vials, they were inside the 22 orphans who were on the ship with him.\nIn this episode, Arion, Rebecca and Olly look into how the first smallpox vaccines worked; revisit how Javier de Balmis\u2019s unusual approach helped eradicate the disease; and discuss whether popping pustules is better than inhaling scabs\u2026\xa0\nFurther Reading:\n\u2022 \u2018Exhibition tells story of Spanish children used as vaccine \u2018fridges\u2019 in 1803\u2019 (The Guardian, 2021): https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jul/27/spanish-museum-celebrates-pioneer-who-took-smallpox-vaccine-to-colonies\xa0\n\u2022 \u2018Balmis Expedition: How Orphans Took The Smallpox Vaccine Around The World\u2019 (Amusing Planet, 2021): https://www.amusingplanet.com/2020/12/balmis-expedition-how-orphans-took.html\xa0\n\u2022 \u201822 Orphans Gave Up Everything to Distribute the World\u2019s First Vaccine\u2019 (Atlantic, 2021): https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2021/01/orphans-smallpox-vaccine-distribution/617646/\xa0\n\u2022 \u2018What Was A Horrible Way Of Transporting Smallpox Vaccine?\u2019 (QI, 2017): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r_U7Ms4aKts\xa0\n#1800s #Americas #Medicine #Strange\nLove the show? Join\xa0\U0001f334CLUB RETROSPECTORS\xa0\U0001f334 to DITCH THE ADS and get an additional full-length episode every SUNDAY!\nPlus, get weekly bonus bits, unlock over 70 bits of extra content and support our independent podcast.\nJoin now via\xa0Apple Podcasts\xa0or\xa0Patreon.\xa0Thanks!\nWe'll be back tomorrow! Follow us wherever you get your podcasts:\xa0podfollow.com/Retrospectors\nThe Retrospectors are Olly Mann, Rebecca Messina & Arion McNicoll, with Matt Hill.\nTheme Music: Pass The Peas. Announcer: Bob Ravelli. Graphic Design: Terry Saunders. Edit Producer: Sophie King.\nCopyright: Rethink Audio / Olly Mann 2022.\n Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.\nLearn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices