BROADCASTS.com

View the Show Notes Page for This Episode

Become a Member to Receive Exclusive Content

Sign Up to Receive Peter\u2019s Weekly Newsletter

Stephan Guyenet is a neuroscientist focused on the neuroscience of obesity and energy homeostasis. \xa0He is the author of the book,\xa0The Hungry Brain\xa0and founder/director of\xa0Red Pen Reviews. In this episode, Stephan explains how obesity has changed phenotypically over the course of human history as well as what might explain the dramatic increase in prevalence of obesity in the last few decades. He talks in depth about the role of genetics, the brain, and hormones like leptin play in the regulation of fat mass. He dives deep into two common theories of obesity\u2014the carbohydrate-insulin model and the energy balance model and provides his take on which theory has stronger evidence. Additionally, he provides insights on how we\u2019re hard-wired to think about food and the consequences of modern foods designed for maximal pleasure. Finally, he goes through the factors that affect body weight, set points, and provides takeaways for people wanting to take advantage of what we know about the brain\u2019s role in regulating our body weight.

We discuss:

• Stephan\u2019s neuroscience background and his focus on the nuances of obesity [2:15];
• How obesity has changed for humans throughout history [8:00];
• The association between obesity and adverse health outcomes, the \u201cobesity paradox,\u201d and confounders when relating BMI to longevity [14:00];
• The sharp increase in obesity across demographics [23:30];
• The hypothalamus and its role in obesity [30:00];\xa0
• The role of the hormone leptin in obesity [40:00];
• The genetic component of obesity [46:30];
• Understanding the tendency of humans to store fat through an evolutionary lens [57:00];\xa0\xa0
• The hedonic aspect of food, and how the brain reacts to modern, highly-rewarding foods [1:03:30];
• How we are hard-wired to think about food [1:14:30];
• A review of the \u201cCarnivore diet\u201d [1:21:45];
• The energy balance model, carbohydrate-insulin model, and unifying the theories around adiposity [1:34:15];
• Body weight set points: a hypothetical comparison of two individuals [1:41:45];
• Takeaways for people who want to lose weight and keep it off [1:48:30];
• Evidence that favors the energy balance model of weight gain [1:56:00];
• The synergistic effect of fat and carbohydrates and observations that a low-fat diet or a low-carb diet can cause weight loss [2:04:30];
• Red Pen Reviews [2:11:00];
• More.

Connect With Peter on\xa0Twitter,\xa0Instagram,\xa0Facebook\xa0and\xa0YouTube