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Plants are delicious, nutritious, and full of energy, so they\u2019re prime targets for all sorts of herbivores, parasites, and pathogens. But plants aren\u2019t just sitting passively accepting attacks, they use a variety of strategies to defend themselves, from the frustrating to the fatal. This episode, we\u2019re joined by our favorite paleobotanist, Aly Baumgartner, to discuss the many ways plants defend themselves \u2013 physically, chemically, and beyond \u2013 and the fascinating evolutionary history of plant defenses and their offenders.\nIn the news: deep-sea fish, Wollemi pines, learning birds, and plant technology.\n\n\n\n\n\n\nTime markers:Intro & Announcements: 00:00:00News: 00:06:55Main discussion, Part 1: 00:38:15Main discussion, Part 2: 01:12:25Patron question: 01:48:10\n\n\n\n\n\n\nCheck out our blog for bonus info and pictures:http://commondescentpodcast.com/\nJoin us on Patreon to support the podcast and enjoy bonus content! https://www.patreon.com/commondescentpodcast\nGot a topic you want to hear about? Submit your episode request here:https://commondescentpodcast.com/request-a-topic/\nWe\u2019re an Audible Affiliate Partner! Use this link for a 30-day free trial to Audible: https://www.audibletrial.com/CommonDescent\nOr make a one-time donation via PayPal: https://tinyurl.com/4c68u4hp\nFind merch at the Common Descent Store! http://zazzle.com/common_descent\nJoin the Common Descent Discord server! https://discord.gg/CwPBxdh9Ev\nFollow and Support us on:Twitter: https://twitter.com/CommonDescentPCFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/commondescentpodcastInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/commondescentpodcast/YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCePRXHEnZmTGum2r1l2mduwPodBean: https://commondescentpodcast.podbean.com/\nYou can email us at commondescentpodcast(at)gmail.comOr send us physical mail at:The Common Descent Podcast1735 W State of Franklin Rd. Ste 5 #165Johnson City, TN 37604\nThe Intro and Outro music is \u201cOn the Origin of Species\u201d by Protodome.More music like this at http://ocremix.org.\nMusical Interludes are "Professor Umlaut" by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com). Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/