Did Russia Affect the 2016 Election? Its Now Undeniable

Published: Feb. 19, 2018, 4:31 p.m.

For some time, there has been a conflation of issues\u2014the hacking and leaking of illegally obtained information versus propaganda and disinformation; cyber-security issues and the hacking of elections systems versus information operations and information warfare; paid advertising versus coercive messaging or psychological operations\u2014when discussing \u201cRussian meddling\u201d in the 2016 US elections.