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This second seminar\xa0in the series, which is\xa0jointly\xa0organised\xa0by the IIEA, the RIA Standing Committee and the Commission on the\xa0Defence\xa0Forces, contributes to advance expert and public debate on the future development of the Irish\xa0Defence\xa0Forces. This\xa0expert panel, chaired by Ben\xa0Tonra, examines the process of military transformation\xa0to 2030 and beyond,\xa0including\xa0structures, capabilities and staffing. Panelists also\xa0address\xa0the expanding role of technology\xa0and\xa0lessons learned\xa0from the experience of other small countries\xa0across the air,\xa0land and maritime\xa0domains.\xa0\n\nPanel:\xa0\n\nDr Raluca\xa0Csernatoni,\xa0Guest Professor at the Brussels School of Governance, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) and Visiting Scholar at Carnegie Europe\xa0\xa0\n\nLieutenant General\xa0Tim Keating, Former Chief of New Zealand\xa0Defence\xa0Force\xa0\n\nDr.\xa0Ulrike\xa0Franke,\xa0Senior Policy Fellow at the European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR)\n\nProfessor Greg Kennedy, Professor of Strategic Foreign Policy, King\u2019s College London (KCL)\xa0\n\nAbout the speakers:\n\nDr\xa0Raluca\xa0Csernatoni\xa0is a guest professor at the Institute for European Studies at the Free University of Brussels (VUB). Raluca\xa0Csernatoni\xa0is also a visiting scholar at Carnegie Europe, where she works on European security and defense with a specific focus on disruptive technologies.\xa0\xa0\n\nLieutenant General\xa0Tim Keating\xa0was Chief of\xa0Defence\xa0Force from 2014 to 2018. Under his command, the\xa0Defence\xa0Force helped train Iraqi personnel to respond to the rise of ISIL in the Middle East and contributed to anti-piracy efforts in the region. He strengthened New Zealand\u2019s international military relationships and oversaw effective responses to a series of natural disasters. Lieutenant General Keating steered the development of a 10-year strategy for a more integrated\xa0Defence\xa0Force.\xa0\n\nDr.\xa0Ulrike\xa0Franke is a Senior Policy Fellow at the European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR). She leads ECFR\u2019s Technology and European Power initiative. Her areas of focus include German and European security and defence, the future of warfare, and the impact of new technologies such as drones and artificial intelligence on geopolitics and warfare.\xa0Dr Franke\xa0has published widely on these and other topics, and regularly appears as commentator in the media.\n\nGreg Kennedy\xa0is Professor of Strategic Foreign Policy at King\u2019s College London and joined the\xa0Defence\xa0Studies Department in June 2000. He has taught at the Royal Military College of Canada, in Ontario, Canada, for both the History and War Studies Departments. He is an adjunct professor\xa0of\xa0that university. He has published internationally on strategic foreign policy issues, maritime\xa0defence, disarmament, diplomacy and intelligence.