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Philip Cortelyou Johnson may be more responsible than anyone for the shift from Modernism as a new way of living to Modernism as an elite bauble.\xa0Born into immense power and privilege, he was a deeply committed elitist, and dilettante fascist, who used his money and connections to whitewash his youthful (and ongoing) embrace of Hitler in specific and far-right politics in general. As a key curator and preacher of the Modernist gospel in the United States, he was central in divorcing the style from its egalitarian political aspirations. In response to criticism, he said:\xa0\u201cI am a whore. Very well paid.\u201d\nVisit our website for T-shirts, an episode archive, and more information about the show.\n----more----\nSOURCES:\n\nFixsen, Anna. \u201cThe Power and Paradox of Philip Johnson.\u201d Metropolis, December 3, 2018. https://www.metropolismag.com/architecture/philip-johnson-biography-mark-lamster-interview/.\n\xa0\nGoldberger, Paul. \u201cA New Biography of the Architect Philip Johnson, the \u2018Man in the Glass House.\u2019\u201d The New York Times, December 20, 2018, sec. Books.\nhttps://www.nytimes.com/2018/12/20/books/review/mark-lamster-philip-johnson-man-in-the-glass-house.html.\n\xa0\nJohnson, Philip, Robert A. M. Stern, and Kazys Varnelis. The Philip Johnson Tapes: Interviews by Robert A.M. Stern. 1st ed. New York: Monacelli Press, 2008.\n\xa0\nKaiser, Charles. The Gay Metropolis: The Landmark History of Gay Life in America. 1. Grove Press ed. New York: Grove Press, 2007.\n\xa0\nLamster, Mark. The Man in the Glass House: Philip Johnson, Architect of the Modern Century. First edition. New York, NY: Little, Brown and Company, 2018.\n\xa0\nRavenscroft, Tom. \u201cBjarke Ingels Meets Brazil\u2019s President Jair Bolsonaro to \u2018Change the Face of Tourism in Brazil.\u2019\u201d Dezeen, January 17, 2020. https://www.dezeen.com/2020/01/17/bjarke-ingels-jair-bolsonaro-brazil-president/.\n\xa0\n\u2014\u2014\u2014. \u201cCriticism of Jair Bolsonaro Meeting Is \u2018an Oversimplification of a Complex World\u2019 Says Bjarke Ingels.\u201d Dezeen, January 23, 2020. https://www.dezeen.com/2020/01/23/jair-bolsonaro-bjarke-ingels/.\n\xa0\nSchulze, Franz. Philip Johnson: Life and Work. Chicago, Ill.: University of Chicago Press, 1996.\n\xa0\nStern, Mark J. \u201c\u2018The Glass House\u2019 as Gay Space: Exploring the Intersection of Homosexuality and Architecture.\u201d Inquiries Journal 4, no. 06 (2012). http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/651/the-glass-house-as-gay-space-exploring-the-intersection-of-homosexuality-and-architecture.\n\xa0\nWainwright, Oliver. \u201c\u2018Norman Said the President Wants a Pyramid\u2019: How Starchitects Built Astana.\u201d The Guardian, October 17, 2017, sec. Cities. https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2017/oct/17/norman-foster-president-pyramid-architects-built-astana.\n\xa0\n\u2014\u2014\u2014. \u201cThe Despot Dilemma: Should Architects Work for Repressive Regimes?\u201d The Guardian, January 27, 2020, sec. Art and design. https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2020/jan/27/despot-dilemma-should-architects-work-for-repressive-regimes-bjarke-ingels.\n\xa0\nWortman, Marc. 1941: Fighting the Shadow War: A Divided America in a World at War. First edition. New York, NY: Atlantic Monthly Press, 2016.\n\xa0\n\u2014\u2014\u2014. \u201cFamed Architect Philip Johnson\u2019s Hidden Nazi Past.\u201d Vanity Fair. Accessed April 27, 2020. https://www.vanityfair.com/culture/2016/04/philip-johnson-nazi-architect-marc-wortman.