Commercial aviation safety is the best it has ever been,\nand flight operations are effectively and efficiently\nmoving forward. While recognising the many successes in\naviation, there are increasing expectations of safety, new\ntechnologies, new airspace operations, new generations of\naviation professionals and other factors that are changing\naviation. There are both challenges and opportunities in\nthese changes, and fundamental questions to be answered.\nThis lecture will discuss those challenges and opportunities,\nand identify fundamental underlying questions.