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Photo: 1685 reprint of 1650 map of New Netherland, which is not a completely correct representation of the situation at the time. The border with New England had been adjusted to 50 miles west of the Fresh River, while the Lange Eylandt towns west of Oyster Bay were under Dutch jurisdiction. Nicolaes Visscher (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Nicolaes_Visscher_I) - This image is available from the United States Library of Congress (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Library_of_Congress) 's Geography & Map Division (https://www.loc.gov/rr/geogmap/) under the digital ID g3715.ct000001 (http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.gmd/g3715.ct000001) . This tag does not indicate the copyright status of the attached work. A normal copyright tag is still required. See Commons:Licensing (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Licensing) for more information. Stokes, Iconography, p. 147 (vol. 1), lists dates as 1651-55. See Map collectors circle, #24. Includes view "Nieuw Amsterdam op t eylant Manhattans." Scale: ca. 1:3,300,000 Nicolaes Visscher: Novi Belgii Novæque Angliæ: nec non partis Virginiæ tabula multis in locis emendata / per Nicolaum Visscher nunc apud Petr. Schenk Iun. (1685) Public Domain (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Map-Novi_Belgii_Nov%C3%A6que_Angli%C3%A6_(Amsterdam,_1685).jpg) File:Map-Novi Belgii Novæque Angliæ (Amsterdam, 1685).jpg Created: Original map in 1656; this is a reprint from 1685 http://JohnBatchelorShow.com/contact http://JohnBatchelorShow.com/schedules Twitter: @BatchelorShow The Heathen School: 2 of 4: A Story of Hope and Betrayal in the Age of the Early Republic  Audible Audiobook – Unabridged John Demos (https://www.amazon.com/John-Demos/e/B000APUR30/ref=dp_byline_cont_audible_1) (Author), Tom Weiner (https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=dp_byline_sr_audible_2?ie=UTF8&search-alias=audible&field-keywords=Tom+Weiner) (Narrator), Blackstone Audio, Inc. (https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=dp_byline_sr_audible_3?ie=UTF8&search-alias=audible&field-keywords=Blackstone+Audio%2C+Inc.) (Publisher) https://www.amazon.com/Heathen-School-Story-Betrayal-Republic/dp/B00IRFRSN2/ref=tmm_aud_swatch_0?_encoding=UTF8&qid=&sr= Near the start of the 19th century, as the newly established United States looked outward toward the wider world, a group of eminent Protestant ministers formed a grand scheme for gathering the rest of mankind into the redemptive fold of Christianity and "civilization". Its core element was a special school for "heathen youth" drawn from all parts of the Earth, including the Pacific Islands, China, India, and increasingly, the native nations of North America. If all went well, graduates would return to join similar projects in their respective homelands. For some years the school prospered and became quite famous. However, when two Cherokee students courted and married local women, public resolve - and fundamental ideals - were put to a severe test.  The Heathen School follows the progress - and the demise - of this first true melting pot through the lives of individual students: among them, Henry Obookiah, a young Hawaiian who ran away from home and worked as a seaman in the China Trade before ending up in New England; John Ridge, son of a powerful Cherokee chief and subsequently a leader in the process of Indian "removal"; and Elias Boudinot, editor of the first newspaper published by and for Native Americans. From its birth as a beacon of hope for universal "salvation", the heathen school descends into bitter controversy as American racial attitudes harden and intensify. Instead of encouraging reconciliation, the school exposes the limits of tolerance and sets off a chain of events that will culminate tragically in the Trail of Tears.  In The Heathen School, John Demos marshals his deep empathy and feel for the textures of history to tell a moving story of families and communities - and to probe the very roots of American identity.