Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.09.11.293456v1?rss=1 Authors: Okinaga, Y., Kyogoku, D., Kondo, S., Nagano, A. J., Hirose, K. Abstract: Motivation: The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (lasso) and principal component regression (PCR) are popular methods of estimating traits from high-dimensional omics data, such as transcriptomes. The prediction accuracy of these estimation methods is highly dependent on the covariance structure, which is characterized by gene regulation networks. However, the manner in which the structure of a gene regulation network together with the sample size affects prediction accuracy has not yet been sufficiently investigated. In this study, Monte Carlo simulations are conducted to investigate the prediction accuracy for several network structures under various sample sizes. Results: When the gene regulation network was random graph, the simulation indicated that models with high estimation accuracy could be achieved with small sample sizes. However, a real gene regulation network is likely to exhibit a scale-free structure. In such cases, the simulation indicated that a relatively large number of observations is required to accurately predict traits from a transcriptome. Availability and implementation: Source code at https://github.com/keihirose/simrnet Contact: hirose@imi.kyushu-u.ac.jp Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info