Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.08.11.247437v1?rss=1 Authors: Chen, C., Shi, H., Han, Y., Jiang, Z., Cui, X., Yu, B. Abstract: Research, analysis, and prediction of drug-target interactions (DTIs) play an important role in understanding drug mechanisms, drug repositioning and design. Machine learning (ML)-based methods for DTIs prediction can mitigate the shortcomings of time-consuming and labor-intensive experimental approaches, providing new ideas and insights for drug design. We propose a novel pipeline for predicting drug-target interactions, called DNN-DTIs. First, the target information is characterized by pseudo-amino acid composition, pseudo position-specific scoring matrix, conjoint triad, composition, transition and distribution, Moreau-Broto autocorrelation, and structure feature. Then, the drug compounds are encoded using substructure fingerprint. Next, we utilize XGBoost to determine nonredundant and important feature subset, then the optimized and balanced sample vectors could be obtained through SMOTE. Finally, a DTIs predictor, DNN-DTIs, is developed based on deep neural network (DNN) via layer-by-layer learning. Experimental results indicate that DNN-DTIs achieves outstanding performance than other predictors with the ACC values of 98.78%, 98.60%, 97.98%, 98.24% and 98.00% on Enzyme, Ion Channels (IC), GPCR, Nuclear Receptors (NR) and Kuang's dataset. Therefore, DNN-DTIs's accurate prediction performance on Network1 and Network2 make it logical choice for contributing to the study of DTIs, especially, the drug repositioning and new usage of old drugs. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info