Lithuanian Out Loud 0155 - Ledinis Tvenkinys An Icy Pond
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Hi there, I\\u2019m Jack and I\\u2019m Raminta and welcome back to Lithuanian Out Loud where we offer the world the Lithuanian language.
According to Wikipedia, the Nemunas is a major Eastern European river beginning in Belarus and flowing through Lithuania before draining into the Curonian Lagoon and then into the Baltic Sea at Klaip\\u0117da. The Nemunas marks the border between Lithuania and Russia's Kaliningrad Oblast. It is the 14th largest river in Europe, the largest in Lithuania and the 3rd largest in Belarus, it is navigable for most of its 900-kilometer length.
Today we\\u2019ll start to learn how to use Lithuanian adjectives.\\xa0 An adjective is a word that modifies a noun.\\xa0 For example, a car is a noun.\\xa0 What kind of car is it?\\xa0 We need an adjective to describe this noun.\\xa0 The car is expensive.\\xa0 Expensive is an adjective.\\xa0 An expensive car.\\xa0 A red car.\\xa0 An old car.\\xa0 A fast car.
Lithuanian adjectives can be masculine, feminine or neuter.\\xa0 Masculine adjectives are combined with masculine nouns and feminine adjectives are combined with feminine nouns.\\xa0 The neuter is used when you\\u2019re referring to something inspecific.
Additionally, adjectives are plural when combined with plural nouns.\\xa0 For today we\\u2019ll just focus on singular nouns combined with singular adjectives.
Lithuanian adjectives normally preceed the noun.
Lithuanian adjectives are the only place you\\u2019ll see the neuter in Lithuanian.
Lithuanian adjectives agree with the gender, number and case of the noun - except when you use the neuter.
Lithuanian adjectives have three basic endings; the first, -as or \\u2013a, the second, -us or \\u2013u, and the third, -is or \\u2013\\u0117.
the first group -as or \\u2013a has three genders \\u2013 masculine, feminine and neuter
the neuter has no case and no number
you use the neuter when you\\u2019re talking about something not identified
you don\\u2019t combine nouns with neutral adjectives because nouns don\\u2019t have a neutral form
you\\u2019ll see what we mean as we go through the next few episodes
the plural of \\u2013as changes to \\u2013i, the plural of -a changes to \\u2013os
but on this episode we\\u2019re only concerned with the singular forms
here are examples of \\u2013as and \\u2013a
small \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
ma\\u017eas / ma\\u017ea
soft \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
mink\\u0161tas / mink\\u0161ta
hard \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
kietas / kieta
the neuter form of this group ends in \\u2013a
ma\\u017ea
mink\\u0161ta
kieta
the second group -us or \\u2013i has three genders \\u2013 masculine, feminine and neuter
the neuter has no case and no number
the plural of \\u2013us changes to \\u2013\\u016bs, the plural of -i changes to \\u2013ios
on this episode we\\u2019re only concerned with the singular forms
here are examples of \\u2013us and \\u2013i
clean\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0
\\u0161varus / \\u0161vari
cheap \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
pigus / pigi
expensive \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
brangus / brangi
the neuter form of this group ends in \\u2013u
\\u0161varu
pigu
brangu
the third group -is or \\u2013\\u0117 has only two genders \\u2013 masculine and feminine
this group doesn\\u2019t have a neuter form
the plural of \\u2013is changes to \\u2013iai, the plural of -\\u0117 changes to \\u2013\\u0117s
here are examples of \\u2013is and \\u2013\\u0117
icy\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0
ledinis / ledin\\u0117
silky \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
\\u0161ilkinis / \\u0161ilkin\\u0117
synthetic \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
sintetinis / sintetin\\u0117
neuter form: none
The singular masculine adjectives end in \\u2013as \\u2013us or \\u2013is.\\xa0 Only \\u2013as and \\u2013us have a neuter ending.
The singular feminine adjectives end in \\u2013a \\u2013i or \\u2013\\u0117.\\xa0 Only \\u2013a and \\u2013i can have a neuter ending.
Now let\\u2019s go through some examples so this makes more sense.
small\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0
ma\\u017eas / ma\\u017ea
a small dog \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
ma\\u017eas \\u0161uo
a small cat \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
ma\\u017eas katinas
a small house \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
ma\\u017eas namas
a small car \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
ma\\u017eas automobilis
a small table \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
ma\\u017eas stalas
a small country \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
ma\\u017ea \\u0161alis
a small boat \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
ma\\u017ea valtis
a small ant \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
ma\\u017ea skruzd\\u0117l\\u0117
a small fox \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
ma\\u017ea lap\\u0117
a small library \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
ma\\u017ea biblioteka
neuter example:\\xa0
how small!\\xa0
kaip ma\\u017ea!
-soft\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0
mink\\u0161tas / mink\\u0161ta
a soft armchair \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
mink\\u0161tas fotelis
a soft bag \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
mink\\u0161tas mai\\u0161elis
a soft carpet \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
mink\\u0161tas kilimas
a soft cheese \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
mink\\u0161tas s\\u016bris
a soft rabbit \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
mink\\u0161tas ki\\u0161kis
a soft sofa \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
mink\\u0161ta sofa
a soft blanket \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
mink\\u0161ta antklod\\u0117
a soft chair \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
mink\\u0161ta k\\u0117d\\u0117
a soft bed \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
mink\\u0161ta lova
a soft pillow \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
mink\\u0161ta pagalv\\u0117
neuter example:\\xa0
how soft!\\xa0
kaip mink\\u0161ta!
-hard\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0
kietas / kieta
a hard muffin \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
kietas keksas
a hard cheese \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
kietas s\\u016bris
a hard stone \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
kietas akmuo
a hard armchair \\xa0 \\xa0
kietas fotelis
a hard bench \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
kietas suolas
a hard sofa \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
kieta sofa
a hard chair \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
kieta k\\u0117d\\u0117
a hard bed \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
kieta lova
a hard pillow \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
kieta pagalv\\u0117
a hard bun \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
kieta bandel\\u0117
neuter example:\\xa0
how hard it is to sit here!\\xa0
kaip kieta \\u010dia s\\u0117d\\u0117ti!
-clean\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0
\\u0161varus / \\u0161vari
a clean beach \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
\\u0161varus plia\\u017eas
a clean bowl \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
\\u0161varus dubuo
a clean room \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
\\u0161varus kambarys
a clean house \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
\\u0161varus namas
a clean bedroom \\xa0
\\u0161varus miegamasis
a clean bathtub \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
\\u0161vari vonia
a clean kitchen \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
\\u0161vari virtuv\\u0117
a clean stove \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
\\u0161vari virykl\\u0117
a clean plate \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
\\u0161vari l\\u0117k\\u0161t\\u0117
a clean saucer \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
\\u0161vari l\\u0117k\\u0161tut\\u0117
neuter example:\\xa0
how clean it is in the house!\\xa0
kaip \\u0161varu namuose!
-cheap\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0
pigus / pigi
a cheap bicycle \\xa0 \\xa0
pigus dviratis
a cheap camera \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
pigus fotoaparatas
a cheap overcoat \\xa0 \\xa0
pigus paltas
a cheap pen \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
pigus tu\\u0161inukas
a cheap ticket \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
pigus bilietas
a cheap dress \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
pigi suknel\\u0117
a cheap blouse \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
pigi bliuzel\\u0117
a cheap jacket \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
pigi striuk\\u0117
a cheap guitar \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
pigi gitara
a cheap handbag \\xa0 \\xa0
pigi rankin\\u0117
neuter example:\\xa0
in this store everything is cheap
\\u0161ioje parduotuv\\u0117je viskas pigu
-icy\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0
ledinis / ledin\\u0117
an icy pond \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
ledinis tvenkinys
an icy pool \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
ledinis baseinas
an icy drink \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
ledinis g\\u0117rimas
an icy lake \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
ledinis e\\u017eeras
an icy bridge \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
ledinis tiltas
an icy river \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
ledin\\u0117 up\\u0117
an icy sea \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
ledin\\u0117 j\\u016bra
an icy street \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
ledin\\u0117 gatv\\u0117
an icy puddle \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
ledin\\u0117 bala
an icy stairway \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
ledin\\u0117 laiptin\\u0117
neuter example:\\xa0 there is none
-silky\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0
\\u0161ilkinis / \\u0161ilkin\\u0117
a silky skirt \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
\\u0161ilkinis sijonas
a silky necktie \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
\\u0161ilkinis kaklarai\\u0161tis
a silky sweater \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
\\u0161ilkinis megztinis
a silky robe \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
\\u0161ilkinis chalatas
a silky pillowcase \\xa0
\\u0161ilkinis u\\u017evalkalas
a silky dress \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
\\u0161ilkin\\u0117 suknel\\u0117
a silky blouse \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
\\u0161ilkin\\u0117 bliuzel\\u0117
a silky blanket \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
\\u0161ilkin\\u0117 antklod\\u0117
a silky sheet \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
\\u0161ilkin\\u0117 paklod\\u0117
a silky headscarf \\xa0 \\xa0
\\u0161ilkin\\u0117 skarel\\u0117
neuter example:\\xa0 there is none
-synthetic\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0
sintetinis / sintetin\\u0117
a synthetic chemical
sintetinis chemikalas
a synthetic coat \\xa0 \\xa0
sintetinis paltas
a synthetic fur \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
sintetinis kailis
a synthetic sweater
sintetinis megztinis
a synthetic tie \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
sintetinis kaklarai\\u0161tis
a synthetic blouse
sintetin\\u0117 palaidinuk\\u0117
a synthetic jacket \\xa0
sintetin\\u0117 striuk\\u0117
a synthetic fabric \\xa0 \\xa0
sintetin\\u0117 med\\u017eiaga
a synthetic glove \\xa0 \\xa0
sintetin\\u0117s pir\\u0161tin\\u0117s
a synthetic resin \\xa0 \\xa0
sintetin\\u0117 derva
the adjective didelis is an oddball and it doesn\\u2019t follow the normal rules
-big, heavy, large\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0\\xa0
didelis / didel\\u0117
a big noise \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
didelis triuk\\u0161mas
a big elephant \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
didelis dramblys
a big man \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
didelis vyras
a big mountain \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
didelis kalnas
a big house \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
didelis namas
a big structure \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
didel\\u0117 strukt\\u016bra
a big country \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
didel\\u0117 \\u0161alis
a big sofa \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
didel\\u0117 sofa
a big snowflake \\xa0 \\xa0
didel\\u0117 snaig\\u0117
a large book \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0 \\xa0
didel\\u0117 knyga
\\u0160aunuoliai!\\xa0 Excellent!\\xa0 You made it to the end of another episode!\\xa0 Puiku!
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