Week #002 Review, Tuesday
Di dove sei (tu)? = Where are you from? (informal)
Di dov'e' (Lei)? = Where are you from? (formal)
Sono di...= I am from...
Dov'e'...? = Where is...?
Ecco... = Here is...
And here are some famous cities and their Italian and English pronunciations.
Roma = Rome
Milano = Milan
Venezia = Venice
Firenze = Florence
Napoli = Naples
Italian Spelling = English Sound
a = ah
e = ay
i = ee
o = oh
u = oo
c (before e or i) = ch
c (before other vowels) = k
ch = k
g (before e or i) = j
g (before other vowels) = g (as in go)
gh = g (as in go)
gl = lli (as in million)
gn = ny (as in canyon)
h = always silent
r = r (a single r should lightly rolled or trilled; a double rr is strongly rolled or trilled)
s = s (but pronounced as a z when it comes between vowels)
sc (before e or i) = sh
sc (before other vowels) = sk
sch = sk
z (beginning of a word) = dz
z (within a word) = ts
zz = ts and sometimes dz
io = I
tu = you (informal)
Lei = you (formal)
lui = he
lei = she
noi = we
voi = you (plural, formal and informal)
loro = they
The subject pronoun io, unlike the English I, is not capitalized unless it begins a sentence.
Lei is the formal form for both masculine and feminine and is written with the capital L to distinguish it from lei (she).
Essere = to be
io sono = I am
tu sei = you are (informal)
Lei e' = you are (formal)
lui/lei e' = he/she is
noi siamo = we are
voi siete = you are (plural)
loro sono = they are
Avere = to have
io ho = I have
tu hai = you have (informal)
Lei ha = you have (formal)
lui/lei ha = he/she has
noi abbiamo = we have
voi avete = you have (plural)
loro hanno = they have
0 = zero
1 = uno
2 = due
3 = tre
4 = quattro
5 = cinque
6 = sei
7 = sette
8 = otto
9 = nove
10 = dieci
11 = undici
12 = dodici
13 = tredici
14 = quattordici
15 = quindici
16 = sedici
17 = diciassette
18 = diciotto
19 = diciannove
20 = venti