No juras uz sauszemi jeb ka dzivajam radibam pieauga kajas
b'Pal\\u016bkojoties uz zem\\u016bdens pasauli, t\\u0101 \\u0161\\u0137iet tik \\u013coti at\\u0161\\u0137ir\\u012bga no apst\\u0101k\\u013ciem uz zemes, ka aizvien br\\u012bnumains \\u0161\\u0137iet dz\\u012bvo b\\u016bt\\u0146u evol\\u016bcijas posms, kur\\u0101 tie p\\u0101rc\\u0113l\\u0101s no dz\\u012bves \\u016bden\\u012b uz sauszemi. Pasaules v\\u0113stur\\u0113 viens no aizraujo\\u0161\\u0101kajiem st\\u0101stiem ir par laiku, kad dz\\u012bv\\u0101s b\\u016btnes piel\\u0101goj\\u0101s dz\\u012bvei uz sauszemes. K\\u0101 \\u0161is process notika, raid\\u012bjum\\u0101 Zin\\u0101mais nezin\\u0101maj\\u0101 atkl\\u0101j paleontologs, Latvijas Universit\\u0101tes \\u0122eogr\\u0101fijas un Zemes zin\\u0101t\\u0146u fakult\\u0101tes \\u0122eolo\\u0123ijas noda\\u013cas vad\\u012bt\\u0101js Erv\\u012bns Luk\\u0161evi\\u010ds.\\n\\nSauszeme apg\\u016b\\u0161anu sauc ar\\u012b par sauszemes veido\\u0161anu jeb terraform\\u0113\\u0161anu. Pirms Ordovika perioda zeme izskat\\u012bj\\u0101s piln\\u012bgi cit\\u0101da. S\\u0101kot ar Ordovika beig\\u0101m pirms apm\\u0113ram 460 miljoniem gadu zemes form\\u0113\\u0161an\\u0101 iesaist\\u0101s ar\\u012b dz\\u012bvnieki.\\n\\n"Bet mugurkaulnieki \\u0161aj\\u0101 proces\\u0101 iesaist\\u0101s tikai Devon\\u0101 un Karbon\\u0101," skaidro\\xa0Erv\\u012bns Luk\\u0161evi\\u010ds. "Pirmie \\u010detrk\\u0101jainie dz\\u012bvnieki, kam bija potenci\\u0101ls apg\\u016bt sauszemi radu\\u0161ies Devona vid\\u016b, varb\\u016bt pirms 380 - 370 miljoniem gadu."\\n\\nP\\u0113tnieks atz\\u012bst, ka nav viegli at\\u0161\\u0137irt, kur\\u0161 ir sauszemes iem\\u012btnieks, kur\\u0161 ne.\\n\\n"Daudzas paz\\u012bmes, kuras l\\u012bdz zin\\u0101mam laikam, pat v\\u0113l pirms 20 gadiem uzskat\\u012bja par pier\\u0101d\\u012bjumu tam, ka, piem\\u0113ram, \\u0137epa ar pieciem pirkstiem vai liel\\u0101ku pirkstu skaitu, ir dro\\u0161a paz\\u012bme, ka tas ir sauszemes iem\\u012btnieks. Nek\\u0101 taml\\u012bdz\\u012bga," skaidro Erv\\u012bns Luka\\u0161evics.\\n\\n\\n"M\\u0113s ta\\u010du zin\\u0101m, ka ro\\u0146i ir \\u016bdens dz\\u012bvnieki, kaut gan sp\\u0113j izl\\u012bst krast\\u0101 un diezgan iev\\u0113rojamu laiku pavada krast\\u0101. T\\u0101pat ar\\u012b krokodili lielu da\\u013cu sava laika pavada \\u016bden\\u012b, kur \\u0137epa lieliski noder. L\\u012bdz ar to pat ieg\\u016bstot ekstremit\\u0101tes nevis spuras un \\u0161is process norisin\\u0101jies Devon\\u0101, \\u0137epa v\\u0113l pati par sevi neliecina par to, ka dz\\u012bvnieks bijis sauszemes iem\\u012btnieks."\\n\\n\\n"Lai piem\\u0113rotos dz\\u012bvei sauszem\\u0113, ir nepiecie\\u0161ams p\\u0101rvar\\u0113t veselu virkni gr\\u016bt\\u012bbu. Pirmk\\u0101rt, t\\u0101 ir gravit\\u0101cija, \\u016bden\\u012b, pateicoties c\\u0113l\\u0113jsp\\u0113kam, nav j\\u0101b\\u016bt \\u0101rk\\u0101rt\\u012bgi sp\\u0113c\\u012bgai muskulat\\u016brai, lai notur\\u0113tu savu \\u0137ermeni \\u0161aj\\u0101 vid\\u0113. Cit\\u0101di ir gaisa vid\\u0113. Otrk\\u0101rt, j\\u0101pilnveido sk\\u0101bek\\u013ca ieguves. Liela da\\u013ca \\u016bdens dz\\u012bvnieku elpo \\u016bden\\u012b iz\\u0161\\u0137\\u012bdu\\u0161o sk\\u0101bekli un nav\\xa0 toleranti pret sam\\u0113r\\u0101 augstu sk\\u0101bek\\u013ca saturu - da\\u017ei j\\u016bras organismi necie\\u0161 p\\u0101r\\u0101k augstu sk\\u0101bek\\u013ca saturu, bet tie, kas dz\\u012bvo gaisa vid\\u0113, saskaras ar sam\\u0113r\\u0101 augstu sk\\u0101bek\\u013ca saturu," nor\\u0101da Erv\\u012bns Luka\\u0161evics. "Tre\\u0161k\\u0101rt, j\\u0101dom\\u0101 par \\u016bdeni organism\\u0101 un \\u016bdens novad\\u012b\\u0161anu kaut kur. Varam izt\\u0113loties jebkuru j\\u016bras dz\\u012bvnieku k\\u0101 t\\u0101du maisu ar \\u016bdeni, kas peld \\u016bdeni. Bet sauszemes dz\\u012bvnieki ir maisi ar \\u016bdeni gaisa vid\\u0113. Te ir pavisam citas probl\\u0113mas."\\n\\nRun\\u0101jot par atbalstu, p\\u0113tnieks nor\\u0101da, k\\u0101 k\\u0101ja ir daudz lab\\u0101ks instruments, lai\\xa0 p\\u0101rvietotos gaisa vid\\u0113, sal\\u012bdzinot ar spur\\u0101m. Vi\\u0146\\u0161 min zuti, kur\\u0161 sp\\u0113j sauszemes vid\\u0113 izdz\\u012bvot da\\u017eas stundas un p\\u0101rvietoties no d\\u012b\\u0137a l\\u012bdz up\\u012btei.\\n\\n\\nBet ar k\\u0101j\\u0101m var aiz\\u010d\\u0101pot krietni t\\u0101lu, pat, ja p\\u0101rvieto\\u0161an\\u0101s nenotiek strauji, bet t\\u0101, k\\u0101 krokodils to dara.\\n\\n\\nBet, run\\u0101jot par sk\\u0101bek\\u013ca elpo\\u0161anu, izr\\u0101d\\u0101s div\\u0113j\\u0101di elpojo\\u0161\\u0101s zivis sp\\u0113j izdz\\u012bvot basein\\u0101 vai d\\u012b\\u0137\\u012b, kur visp\\u0101r sk\\u0101bek\\u013ca nav, jo elpo gan \\u016bden\\u012b iz\\u0161\\u0137\\u012bdu\\u0161o sk\\u0101bekli ar \\u017eaun\\u0101m, gan atmosf\\u0113ras gaisu.\\n\\n"Starp m\\u016bsdienu organiskiem div\\u0113j\\u0101di elpojo\\u0161\\u0101s zivis, lai gan neizskat\\u0101s p\\u0113c m\\u016bsu br\\u0101l\\u0113niem, ir att\\u0101li m\\u016bsu radinieki. Ar\\u012b Devona \\u010detrk\\u0101jainie bija sp\\u0113j\\u012bgi elpot atmosfr\\u0113ras gaisu, gan vi\\u0146iem bija funkcion\\u0101l\\u0101s \\u017eaunas," atz\\u012bst Erv\\u012bns Luka\\u0161evics.\\n\\nParaz\\u012bti senajos organismos\\n\\nKaulos saglab\\u0101tas kodumu p\\u0113das \\u2013 tas izklaus\\u0101s k\\u0101 detekt\\u012bvst\\u0101sts par nozieguma risin\\u0101jumu, tikai \\u0161is \\u201cnoziegums\\u201d noticis pirms aptuveni 400 miljoniem gadu. Runa ir par Devona periodu, un to k\\u0101 taj\\u0101 laik\\u0101 maz\\u012bti\\u0146i v\\u0113z\\u012b\\u0161i un t\\u0101rpi bija aps\\u0113du\\u0161i bru\\u0146uzivis un daivspuru zivis, rad\\u012bjumus, kas t\\u0101 pa\\u0161a Devona perioda beigas jau bija izmiru\\u0161i. Toties atradnes par ziv\\u012bm un to nev\\u0113lamajiem apak\\u0161\\u012brniekiem \\u2013 paraz\\u012btiem \\u2013 ir saglab\\u0101ju\\u0161\\u0101s l\\u012bdz m\\u016bsdien\\u0101m. Par to ar\\u012b st\\u0101sts, \\u0123eolo\\u0123ijas doktorants, Latvijas Universit\\u0101tes \\u0122eogr\\u0101fijas un zemes zin\\u0101t\\u0146u students Valters Alksn\\u012btis p\\u0113ta, k\\u0101 \\u0161\\u0101di paraz\\u012bti dz\\u012bvoju\\u0161i zivju \\u0137erme\\u0146os.'