Gramata "100 kartes pirms Latvijas valsts" ilustre dazadus Latvijas vestures aspektus
b'Kartes ir viens no v\\u0113rien\\u012bg\\u0101kajiem v\\u0113stures avotiem, kas non\\u0101k p\\u0113tnieku rok\\u0101s. T\\u0101s st\\u0101sta ne tikai par aizg\\u0101ju\\u0161\\u0101 laika \\u0123eogr\\u0101fiju, bet ar\\u012b par politisko iek\\u0101rtu, tehnolo\\u0123iju att\\u012bst\\u012bbu un ar\\u012b sadz\\u012bvi. Par to st\\u0101sta ar\\u012b tikko klaj\\u0101 n\\u0101kusi gr\\u0101mata "100 kartes pirms Latvijas valsts", kas ir otrais Latvijas Nacion\\u0101l\\u0101s bibliot\\u0113kas un izdevniec\\u012bbas "J\\u0101\\u0146a s\\u0113ta" kopdarbs. Ko \\u0161\\u012bs kartes st\\u0101sta par dz\\u012bvi Latvijas teritorij\\u0101 pirms valsts dibin\\u0101\\u0161anas? K\\u0101 kart\\u0113s atainota industrializ\\u0101cija, dzimtb\\u016b\\u0161anas atcel\\u0161ana un nacion\\u0101l\\u0101 atmoda, pils\\u0113tu uzplaukums un epid\\u0113mijas, skaidro izdevuma autors un redaktors\\xa0Latvijas Nacion\\u0101l\\u0101s bibliot\\u0113kas galvenais bibliotek\\u0101rs Reinis V\\u0101vers un gr\\u0101matas redaktors, kar\\u0161u izdevniec\\u012bbas "J\\u0101\\u0146a s\\u0113ta" p\\u0101rst\\u0101vis J\\u0101nis Barbans.\\n\\nGr\\u0101mata ir sava veida turpin\\u0101jums 2018.\\xa0gad\\u0101 izdotajam kar\\u0161u un v\\u0113stures m\\u012b\\u013cot\\u0101ju iecien\\u012btajam darbam "100\\xa0gadi 100\\xa0kart\\u0113s", kas aptver laika posmu no Latvijas valsts dibin\\u0101\\u0161anas l\\u012bdz 2017.\\xa0gadam. \\u0160oreiz gr\\u0101matas veidot\\u0101ji ir iel\\u016bkoju\\u0161ies sen\\u0101k\\u0101 pag\\u0101tn\\u0113 \\u2013 t\\u0101 d\\u0113v\\u0113taj\\u0101 garaj\\u0101 19.\\xa0gadsimt\\u0101 jeb laika posm\\u0101 no 1795.\\xa0gada, kad visa m\\u016bsdienu Latvijas teritorija tika iek\\u013cauta Krievijas imp\\u0113rijas sast\\u0101v\\u0101, l\\u012bdz Pirm\\u0101 pasaules kara gaitas l\\u016bzumam 1917.\\xa0gad\\u0101.\\n\\nGr\\u0101mat\\u0101 iek\\u013cautas gan v\\u0113sturiskas kartes no Latvijas Nacion\\u0101l\\u0101s bibliot\\u0113kas un citu atmi\\u0146as instit\\u016bciju kr\\u0101tuv\\u0113m, gan "J\\u0101\\u0146a s\\u0113tas" izstr\\u0101d\\u0101tas kartes, kas ilustr\\u0113 da\\u017e\\u0101dus Latvijas v\\u0113stures aspektus. Daudzas no gr\\u0101mat\\u0101 iek\\u013cautaj\\u0101m kart\\u0113m ir bibliogr\\u0101fiski retumi, ar kuriem pla\\u0161\\u0101ka sabiedr\\u012bba tagad var iepaz\\u012bties pirmoreiz. Turkl\\u0101t gr\\u0101matas tap\\u0161anas proces\\u0101 atkl\\u0101ta sen\\u0101k\\u0101 zin\\u0101m\\u0101 l\\u012bdz m\\u016bsdien\\u0101m saglab\\u0101jusies karte latvie\\u0161u valod\\u0101. T\\u0101 public\\u0113ta 1836.\\xa0gad\\u0101 un par\\u0101da Tuvo Austrumu re\\u0123ionu J\\u0113zus Kristus dz\\u012bves laik\\u0101.\\n\\nKartes m\\u016bsu galv\\u0101 \\u013cauj neapmald\\u012bties\\n\\nStaig\\u0101jot pa sve\\u0161u vietu mums ir divas kartes \\u2013 viena ir galv\\u0101, otra \\u2013 acu priek\\u0161\\u0101, un cilv\\u0113kam ir probl\\u0113ma t\\u0101s abas salikt kop\\u0101. K\\u0101p\\u0113c m\\u0113s apmakd\\u0101mies, k\\u0101 var tren\\u0113t \\u0123eotelpisko orrient\\u0101ciju un k\\u0101ds izskat\\u0101s vad\\u0101t\\u0101js?\\n\\n\\u201ePar m\\u0101\\u0146iem, vad\\u0101t\\u0101jiem jeb maldin\\u0101t\\u0101jiem sauc tos garus, kuri vientu\\u013cus g\\u0101j\\u0113jus vai nu nakts vai dienas laik\\u0101 vad\\u0101 un maldina, ka nesp\\u0113j sasniegt to vietu, kurp tie nodom\\u0101ju\\u0161i iet. \\u0160ie pa liel\\u0101kai da\\u013cai biju\\u0161i t\\u0101du cilv\\u0113ku gari, kuri savu mantu priek\\u0161 n\\u0101ves apglab\\u0101ju\\u0161i, vai ar\\u012b t\\u0101di, kas nelaik\\u0101 dab\\u016bju\\u0161i vai padar\\u012bju\\u0161ies sev galu,\\u201d teic viens no tic\\u0113jumiem, kas rodams m\\u016bsu folklor\\u0101 par vad\\u0101t\\u0101ju \\u2013 vispopul\\u0101r\\u0101ko mald\\u012b\\u0161an\\u0101s st\\u0101stu personifik\\u0101ciju. Pirms raug\\u0101m k\\u0101di ir iemesli, kas cilv\\u0113ku, v\\u0101rda tie\\u0161\\u0101 noz\\u012bm\\u0113, aizved nece\\u013cos, neliels ieskats folkloras materi\\u0101los saist\\u012bb\\u0101 ar mald\\u012b\\u0161anos. Apmald\\u012b\\u0161an\\u0101s st\\u0101stus ilgsto\\u0161i ir v\\u0101kusi un p\\u0113t\\u012bjusi Latvijas Universit\\u0101tes Literat\\u016bras Folkloras un M\\u0101kslas Instit\\u016bta vado\\u0161\\u0101 p\\u0113tniece Sanita Reinsone, kura savu paveikto apkopojusi monogr\\u0101fij\\u0101 \\u201eApmaldi\\u0161an\\u0101s po\\u0113tika. Teik\\u0101s, st\\u0101stos un sarun\\u0101s.\\u201d Sanitai att\\u0101lin\\u0101ti ierakst\\u012bt\\u0101 sarun\\u0101 skaidro, k\\u0101ds ir vad\\u0101t\\u0101js.\\n\\n\\u201eJa tu pa lauku ej, tad tu no\\u0146em vien taisu virzienu, ej! Bet tur [me\\u017e\\u0101] tev cers ir priek\\u0161\\u0101, tur j\\u0101pagrie\\u017eas, tev atkal odze, tev koks ir priek\\u0161\\u0101, un cik v\\u0113l locies, locies starp tiem kokiem, kam\\u0113r tu nezini, kur aizvelcies,\\u201d t\\u0101 las\\u0101m vienu no pierakst\\u012btajiem mald\\u012b\\u0161an\\u0101s past\\u0101stiem Sanitas Reinsones monogr\\u0101fij\\u0101.\\n\\nTurpat autore raksta \\u0161\\u0101di: \\u201eApmald\\u012b\\u0161an\\u0101s ir paradokss. Visp\\u0101r\\u0113jas urbaniz\\u0101cijas un straujas tehnolo\\u0123isk\\u0101s att\\u012bst\\u012bbas laik\\u0101, kad ir pieejama glob\\u0101l\\u0101s pozicion\\u0113\\u0161anas sist\\u0113ma, kad gandr\\u012bz ikvienam kabat\\u0101 ir parastais vai pat viedais mobilais t\\u0101lrunis, kad ir pieejama g\\u0101j\\u0113jiem un transportam piem\\u0113rota infrastrukt\\u016bra, apmald\\u012bties, rodoties kaut \\u012bslaic\\u012bgai dezorient\\u0101cijai, vismaz cilv\\u0113ku iek\\u0101rtot\\u0101 vid\\u0113 nav iesp\\u0113jams.\\u201d\\n\\nTom\\u0113r mald\\u0101mies m\\u0113s ar\\u012b \\u0161odien. Un ir tas ir fakts, ka vied\\u0101s navig\\u0101cijas ier\\u012bces padara m\\u016bsu orient\\u0113\\u0161anos sp\\u0113jas v\\u0101j\\u0101kas. Tur l\\u012bdz\\u0113t var analog\\u0101 karte, kur\\u0101 velkam ar pirkstu l\\u012bdz, ejot pa nepaz\\u012bstamu apvidu. T\\u0101 var tren\\u0113t savas telpiskas prasmes, nor\\u0101da LU Datorikas fakult\\u0101tes Uztveres un kognit\\u012bvo sist\\u0113mu laboratorijas p\\u0113tnieks, profesors\\xa0Jur\\u0123is \\u0160\\u0137ilters.'