Austrumu un Rietumu kulturattiecibas un valodu atskiribas
b'Austrumu un Rietumvalstu kult\\u016bru at\\u0161\\u0137ir\\u012bbas var likties k\\u0101 teju nep\\u0101rvarama plaisa, ta\\u010du t\\u0101 neb\\u016bt nav. Apg\\u016bstot vienas un otras kult\\u016bras para\\u017eas, valodas, sadz\\u012bves nerakst\\u012btos likumus un paradumus, m\\u0113s bru\\u0123\\u0113jam ce\\u013cu uz sadarb\\u012bbu, kas ir cilv\\u0113ces veiksm\\u012bg\\u0101s evol\\u016bcijas pamat\\u0101. K\\u0101 valoda un zin\\u0101\\u0161anas par citu, pavisam at\\u0161\\u0137ir\\u012bgu vidi, \\u013cauj iejusties eiropietim austrumu pasaul\\u0113, raid\\u012bjum\\u0101 Zin\\u0101mais nezin\\u0101maj\\u0101 atkl\\u0101j\\xa0ar\\u0101bistikas eksperte, ar\\u0101bu valodas doc\\u0113t\\u0101ja Latvijas Universit\\u0101tes Humanit\\u0101ro zin\\u0101t\\u0146u fakult\\u0101t\\u0113 Ingr\\u012bda Kleinhofa un \\u0161\\u012bs pa\\u0161as fakult\\u0101tes\\xa0vado\\u0161ais p\\u0113tnieks, v\\u0113sturnieks un starpkult\\u016bru sakaru eksperts profesors Kaspars K\\u013cavi\\u0146\\u0161.\\n\\nSka\\u0146as veido\\u0161an\\u0101s anatomija\\n\\nSpecifiskas ska\\u0146as sastopamas ikvien\\u0101 valod\\u0101 un nereti t\\u0101s k\\u013c\\u016bst par klup\\u0161anas akmeni valodu apg\\u016bstot, un t\\u0101s ar\\u012b atmasko, ja konkr\\u0113t\\u0101 valoda cilv\\u0113kam nav dzimt\\u0101. Vai da\\u017e\\u0101d\\u0101s ska\\u0146as noz\\u012bm\\u0113 ar\\u012b to, ka cilv\\u0113ki pa\\u0161u ska\\u0146u veido anatomiski at\\u0161\\u0137ir\\u012bgi.\\n\\nKaut kur degun\\u0101, kaut kur r\\u012bkl\\u0113, tuvu pie l\\u016bp\\u0101m - \\u0161\\u0101dus apz\\u012bm\\u0113jumus visticam\\u0101k daudzi b\\u016bs lietoju\\u0161i, raksturojot ska\\u0146as at\\u0161\\u0137ir\\u012bg\\u0101m valod\\u0101m. Daudzveid\\u012bba valodu un ska\\u0146u pasaul\\u0113 patie\\u0161\\u0101m ir iespaid\\u012bga, bet vai tas kaut k\\u0101d\\u0101 m\\u0113r\\u0101 noz\\u012bm\\u0113 ar\\u012b to, ka ska\\u0146as anatomija b\\u016btu da\\u017e\\u0101da? Filolo\\u0123ijas doktors, vado\\u0161ais p\\u0113tnieks Latvie\\u0161u valodas instit\\u016bt\\u0101 Juris Grigorjevs skaidro gan ska\\u0146as veido\\u0161an\\u0101s principu, gan to, k\\u0101ds vecums ir robe\\u017el\\u012bnija veiksm\\u012bgai valodas apguvei t\\u0101l\\u0101kaj\\u0101 dz\\u012bv\\u0113.\\n\\nM\\u0101coties sve\\u0161valodas, nemain\\u0101s m\\u016bsu anatomija, bet main\\u0101s pa\\u0146\\u0113mieni, k\\u0101 ska\\u0146as izrun\\u0101. Valodu apguves kontekst\\u0101 v\\u0113lreiz j\\u0101atg\\u0101dina Jura Grigorjeva sac\\u012btais, ka pamatiema\\u0146as attiec\\u012bb\\u0101 pret k\\u0101du valodu att\\u012bst\\u0101s pirmo divu dz\\u012bves gadu laik\\u0101. To, kas nav ielikts \\u0161aj\\u0101 period\\u0101, p\\u0113c tam att\\u012bst\\u012bt ir gr\\u016bt\\u0101k. T\\u0101p\\u0113c, jo v\\u0113l\\u0101k dz\\u012bves gait\\u0101 m\\u0101c\\u0101mies valodas, jo sare\\u017e\\u0123\\u012bt\\u0101k tas var\\u0113tu b\\u016bt. B\\u016btiska ietekme ir ar\\u012b videi, kur\\u0101 notiek valodu apguve. Starp citu, v\\u0113stures gait\\u0101 sakr\\u0101jies daudz st\\u0101stu par t\\u0101 saucamo Maug\\u013ca fenomenu, kad b\\u0113rns uzaudzis dz\\u012bvnieku bar\\u0101, un tas ietekm\\u0113jis ar\\u012b t\\u0101 valodas att\\u012bst\\u012bbu. V\\u0113sturnieki un p\\u0113tnieki uzskata, ka 19. gadsimt\\u0101 Indij\\u0101 atrastais z\\u0113ns - vilks v\\u0101rd\\u0101 Dina Sani\\u010dars, kur\\u0161 atra\\u0161anas br\\u012bd\\u012b sp\\u0113jis izdvest tikai dobjas r\\u012bkles ska\\u0146as, bijis prototips Radjarda Kiplinga \\u201cD\\u017eung\\u013cu gr\\u0101matas\\u201d Mauglim. Videi ir loma ar\\u012b bilingv\\u0101l\\u0101s \\u0123imen\\u0113s, kur b\\u0113rns dzird un apg\\u016bst divas valodas.\\n\\nJo vair\\u0101k at\\u0161\\u0137ir\\u012bgu ska\\u0146u b\\u016bs k\\u0101d\\u0101 sve\\u0161valod\\u0101, jo gr\\u016bt\\u0101ka var\\u0113tu b\\u016bt t\\u0101s apguve, un ska\\u0146u veido\\u0161ana var\\u0113tu ar\\u012b rad\\u012bt sasprindzin\\u0101jumu \\u017eokl\\u012b vai izmai\\u0146as balss tembr\\u0101. Starp at\\u0161\\u0137ir\\u012bg\\u0101m ska\\u0146\\u0101m nav pat j\\u0101mekl\\u0113 nekas eksotisks. Juris Grigorjevs skaidro, ka latvie\\u0161u valodas 12 garos un \\u012bsos patska\\u0146os, \\u0146emot v\\u0113r\\u0101 to kvalit\\u0101tes at\\u0161\\u0137ir\\u012bbas, var\\u0113tu reduc\\u0113t l\\u012bdz skaitlim se\\u0161i, bet skandin\\u0101vu valod\\u0101s patska\\u0146u ir vair\\u0101k nek\\u0101 10, un ar to jau s\\u0101kas izaicin\\u0101jums.'