Atsifret cilveka genomu ir teju tas pats, ka lasit valoda, kuru nesaprotam
b'Cilv\\u0113ka \\u0137ermenis ir unik\\u0101ls un sare\\u017e\\u0123\\u012bts meh\\u0101nisms, t\\u0101 darb\\u012bba daudzej\\u0101d\\u0101 zi\\u0146\\u0101 cilv\\u0113kam pa\\u0161am ir nosl\\u0113pums un to p\\u0101rzin\\u0101m slikt\\u0101k, nek\\u0101 pasauli mums apk\\u0101rt. T\\u0101p\\u0113c nav p\\u0101rsteigums, ka j\\u0101paiet gadiem un j\\u0101ien\\u0101k jaun\\u0101m tehnolo\\u0123ij\\u0101m, lai iepaz\\u012btu tuv\\u0101k mikropasauli, p\\u0113c kuras likumiem un vad\\u012btiem procesiem darbojas cilv\\u0113ks. Tikai nesen izdevies piln\\u012bb\\u0101 sekvenc\\u0113t cilv\\u0113ka genomu. K\\u0101p\\u0113c at\\u0161ifr\\u0113t genomu ir teju tas pats, k\\u0101 las\\u012bt valod\\u0101, kuru nesaprotam, k\\u0101p\\u0113c tas vajadz\\u012bgs un k\\u0101dus atkl\\u0101jumus par mums pa\\u0161iem tas nes\\u012bs, skaidro R\\u012bgas Stradi\\u0146a universit\\u0101tes asoci\\u0113t\\u0101 profesore Onkolo\\u0123ijas instit\\u016bta Molekul\\u0101r\\u0101s \\u0123en\\u0113tikas laboratorijas vad\\u012bt\\u0101ja un vado\\u0161\\u0101 p\\u0113tniece\\xa0Zanda Daneberga un B\\u0113rnu kl\\u012bnisk\\u0101s universit\\u0101tes slimn\\u012bcas\\xa0Medic\\u012bnisk\\u0101s \\u0123en\\u0113tikas un prenat\\u0101l\\u0101s diagnostikas kl\\u012bnikas \\u0101rste, \\u0123en\\u0113ti\\u0137e Ieva Mi\\u010dule.\\n\\nPirmais cilv\\u0113ka genoma projekts s\\u0101k\\u0101s 1990. gad\\u0101 un ilga l\\u012bdz 2003. gadam. Ar t\\u0101 br\\u012b\\u017ea tehnolo\\u0123ij\\u0101m bija nepiecie\\u0161ami vair\\u0101k nek\\u0101 10 gadi, lai nolas\\u012btu cilv\\u0113ka genoma sekvenci.\\n\\n"Ir skaidrs, ka m\\u016bsu genom\\u0101 ir sare\\u017e\\u0123\\u012bt\\u0101ki rajoni, kurus ir gr\\u016bt\\u0101k nolas\\u012bt un ar t\\u0101 laika tehnolo\\u0123iju iesp\\u0113j\\u0101m uzskata, ka bija nolas\\u012bti apm\\u0113ram 92%," skaidro Zanda Daneberga.\\n\\n2022. gada pavasar\\u012b public\\u0113tais raksts par atkl\\u0101jumiem genoma p\\u0113tniec\\u012bb\\u0101 vair\\u0101k dod zin\\u0101tnei, nek\\u0101 praktiskai medic\\u012bnai.\\n\\n"\\u0145emot v\\u0113r\\u0101 tehnolo\\u0123iju att\\u012bst\\u012bbas tempu \\u0123en\\u0113tiskaj\\u0101 izp\\u0113t\\u0113, dom\\u0101ju, ka non\\u0101ksim pie kaut k\\u0101 jauna un saskat\\u012bsim jaunas likumsakar\\u012bbas, kas dos ietekmi praktiskai medic\\u012bnai. Var teikt, ka tie asto\\u0146i procenti tr\\u016bksto\\u0161ie ir sekvenc\\u0113ti," turpina Zanda Zanda Daneberga.\\n\\nVai asto\\u0146i procenti, kas tagad sekvenc\\u0113ti, var past\\u0101st\\u012bt ko vair\\u0101k un pal\\u012bdz\\u0113t diagnostic\\u0113t saslim\\u0161anas pirms b\\u0113rni\\u0146a dzim\\u0161anas?\\n\\nIeva Mi\\u010dule atz\\u012bst, ka par genomu dom\\u0101 k\\u0101 par gr\\u0101matu, k\\u0101 par recep\\u0161u gr\\u0101matu, bet gr\\u0101matu sve\\u0161valod\\u0101, bet nevis ang\\u013cu vai v\\u0101cu valod\\u0101, bet k\\u0101 marsie\\u0161u valod\\u0101. \\u0160ie asto\\u0146i procenti. M\\u0113s zin\\u0101m, ka mums ir pietr\\u016bku\\u0161as da\\u017eas lappuses un m\\u0113s t\\u0101s esam tagad ieraudz\\u012bju\\u0161i. Bet kas tur ir rakst\\u012bts, mums joproj\\u0101m nav jausmas. T\\u0101p\\u0113c nepiecie\\u0161ams milz\\u012bgais tulko\\u0161anas darbs jau zin\\u0101majam genomam.\\n\\n\\u0122en\\u0113tikas ietekme uz cilv\\u0113ka endokr\\u012bno vesel\\u012bbu\\n\\nSkatoties uz t\\u0101d\\u0101m endokr\\u012bn\\u0101m saslim\\u0161an\\u0101m, k\\u0101 cukura diab\\u0113ts, ir zin\\u0101ms ka 2. tipa diab\\u0113ts bie\\u017ei ir nevesel\\u012bga dz\\u012bvesveida rezult\\u0101ts, ta\\u010du ar\\u012b \\u0161aj\\u0101 saslim\\u0161an\\u0101 var vainot iedzimt\\u012bbu. K\\u0101 m\\u016bsu \\u0123en\\u0113tiskais materi\\u0101ls ietekm\\u0113 iesp\\u0113ju saslimt ar endokr\\u012bn\\u0101m slim\\u012bb\\u0101m, skaidro endokrinolo\\u0123e Latvijas Universit\\u0101tes Medic\\u012bnas fakult\\u0101tes vado\\u0161\\u0101 p\\u0113tniece Je\\u013cizaveta Sokolovska*.\\n\\nBeidz \\u0113st k\\u016bkas un konfektes, dab\\u016bsi cukurslim\\u012bbu! Tev ir\\xa0 cukura diab\\u0113ts, tad jau\\xa0 k\\u0101ds no taviem\\xa0 vec\\u0101kiem vai vecvec\\u0101kiem\\xa0 ar\\u012b\\xa0 slimo ar \\u0161o kaiti,\\xa0 \\u2013\\xa0 \\u0161\\u0101dus spiedumus un jaut\\u0101jumus bie\\u017ei n\\u0101kas dzird\\u0113t, ja runa ir par slim\\u012bbu, kad aizku\\u0146\\u0123a dziedzera \\u0161\\u016bnas da\\u017e\\u0101du iemeslu d\\u0113\\u013c atsak\\u0101s darboties, tas ir ra\\u017eot insul\\u012bnu, kas nepiecie\\u0161ams og\\u013chidr\\u0101tu transport\\u0113\\u0161anai uz \\u0161\\u016bn\\u0101m. Bet diab\\u0113ta gad\\u012bjum\\u0101 \\u0161ie cukuri paliek asin\\u012bs. K\\u0101 tas n\\u0101kas, ka cilv\\u0113ks, kur\\u0161 piekopj vesel\\u012bgu dz\\u012bvesveidu un kuram nav\\xa0 rados diab\\u0113ta pacientu, tom\\u0113r sasirgst ar \\u0161o kaiti? Cik te darbojas p\\u0101rmantojam\\u012bba ar\\u012b tajos gad\\u012bjumos, ja t\\u0101 nav konstat\\u0113ta, skaidro Je\\u013cizaveta Sokolovska.\\n\\n*Je\\u013cizaveta Sokolovska str\\u0101d\\u0101 pie p\\u0113cdoktorant\\u016bras p\\u0113tniec\\u012bbas projekta \\u201eZarnu iekaisums k\\u0101\\xa0 potenci\\u0101li modific\\u0113jams 1. tipa cukura diab\\u0113ta\\xa0 komplik\\u0101ciju riska faktors\\u201d .'