Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.08.02.233544v1?rss=1 Authors: Ingole, K. D., Dahale, S. K., BHATTACHARJEE, S. Abstract: Rapid adaptation of plants to developmental or physiological cues is facilitated by specific receptors that transduce the signals mostly via post-translational modification (PTM) cascades of downstream partners. Reversible covalent attachment of SMALL UBIQUITIN-LIKE MODIFIER (SUMO), a process termed as SUMOylation, influence growth, development and adaptation of plants to various stresses. Strong regulatory mechanisms maintain the steady-state SUMOylome and mutants with SUMOylation disturbances display mis-primed immunity often with growth consequences. Identity of the SUMO-substrates undergoing SUMOylation changes during defences however remain largely unknown. Here we exploit either the auto-immune property of an Arabidopsis mutant or defense responses induced in wild-type plants against Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (PstDC3000) to enrich and identify SUMO1-substrates. Our results demonstrate massive enhancement of SUMO1-conjugates due to increased SUMOylation efficiencies during defense responses. Of the 261 proteins we identify, 29 have been previously implicated in immune-associated processes. Role of others expand to diverse cellular roles indicating massive readjustments the SUMOylome alterations may cause during induction of immunity. Overall, our study highlights the complexities of a plant immune network and identifies multiple SUMO-substrates that may orchestrate the signalling. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info