Animals on Trial
In\xa0legal history, an\xa0animal trial\xa0was the\xa0criminal\xa0trial\xa0of a\xa0non-human animal. Such trials are recorded as having taken place in\xa0Europe\xa0from the thirteenth century until the eighteenth. In modern times, it is considered in most criminal justice systems that non-human animals lack\xa0moral agency\xa0and so cannot be held\xa0culpable for an act.