Why does each element have its own unique spectral signature? how doe\nemission lines and absorption lines arise? This lecture is the second\npart of a two-part exploration of matter and light, looking at how the\nunique spectral-line signatures of atoms are a reflection of their\ninternal electron energy-level structures. Topics include energy level\ndiagrams for atoms, excitation, de-excitation, and ionization. There\nwill be a short demonstration with gas-discharge tubes and slide-mounted\ndiffraction gratings. For podcast listeners, the last portion of the\nclass is the demo, for which we do not unfortunately have the resources\nto videotape. Recorded 2007 Oct 25 in 1000 McPherson Lab on the\nColumbus campus of The Ohio State University.