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A structural survey of form \u2013 ing (v4).\n\nWhile writing or reading verb form 4 (ing) comes in different roles, so it is significant to understand. We will understand all v4 different roles today.\n\nRole-1: As a finite, if verb form-4 is followed by helping verb \u201cbe\u201d (if helping verb \u201cbe\u201d comes before verb form-4). The role of the -ing form is as a main verb. Like:\n\nI\xa0am going.\n\nJohn\xa0is playing\xa0cricket.\n\nThey\xa0were watching\xa0TV\n\nWe\xa0were sleeping.\n\nI\xa0was waiting\xa0for you.\n\nSo in the above sentences, going, playing, watching, sleeping, and waiting are verb.\n\nRole-2:\xa0As a gerund (non-finite), when a verb form-4 is used as a subject or an object. It is called a\xa0gerund. Like:\n\nWalking\xa0is good for your health.\n\nShe likes\xa0dancing.\n\nSmoking\xa0is injurious to health\n\nWriting\xa0is an exchange of ideas.\n\nI love\xa0reading.\n\nIn the above sentences, walking, dancing, smoking, writing, and reading are gerund.\n\nRole-3: As an adjective also called present participle (non-finite), when verb form-4 is used as an adjective in a sentence. It is called a present participle. Like:\n\nI saw a\xa0playing\xa0boy.\n\nI read a piece of\xa0interesting\xa0news.\n\nThe\xa0barking\xa0dog was calm today.\n\nIt was a very\xa0tiring\xa0day at the workplace.\n\nIn the above sentences, playing, interesting, barking, and tiring are adjectives. Since these verbs are saying something about the noun.