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Thanks to Murilo for suggesting this week's episode about the sawfish and the sawshark!\n\nFurther Reading:\n\nSawfish or sawshark?\n\nTwo New Species of Sixgill Sawsharks Discovered\n\nDo not step:\n\n\n\nThe underside of a largetooth sawfish [photo by J. Patrick Fischer - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=17421638]:\n\n\n\nThe sawshark has big eyes [photo by OpenCago.info - Wikimedia Commons [1], CC BY-SA 2.5, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=25240095]:\n\n\n\nA comparison of rostrums. The sawskate is in the middle, the one with barbels is the sawshark, and the really toothy one is the sawfish [picture by Daeng Dino - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=137983599]:\n\n\n\nShow transcript:\n\nWelcome to Strange Animals Podcast. I\u2019m your host, Kate Shaw.\n\nThis week we\u2019re going to learn about an amazing fish suggested by Murilo. It\u2019s the sawfish, and while we\u2019re at it, we\u2019re also going to learn about a different fish called the sawshark.\n\nThere are five species of sawfish alive today in two genera, and they\u2019re all big. The smallest species can still grow over 10 feet long, or 3 meters, while the biggest species can grow over 20 feet long, or 6 meters. The largest sawfish ever reliably measured was 24 feet long, or 7.3 meters. Since all species of sawfish are endangered due to overfishing, pollution, and habitat loss, really big individuals are much rarer these days.\n\nThe sawfish lives mostly in warm, shallow ocean waters, usually where the bottom is muddy or sandy. It can also tolerate brackish and even freshwater, and will sometimes swim into rivers and live there just fine. The largetooth sawfish is especially happy in freshwater.\n\nLet\u2019s talk specifically about the largetooth sawfish for a moment, since we know the most about it. Like other sawfish, the female gives birth to live young, up to 13 babies at a time, and the babies can be up to three feet long at birth, or 90 cm. When a baby is born, its saw, which we\u2019ll talk about in a minute, is covered with a jelly-like sheath that keeps it from hurting its mother. The sheath dissolves soon after birth.\n\nThe mother usually gives birth around the mouth of a river, and instead of swimming into the ocean, the babies swim upstream into the river. They live there for the next several years, and some individuals and even some populations may live their whole lives in the river. It\u2019s sometimes called the river sawfish or the freshwater sawfish for this reason.\n\nOne interesting thing about the largetooth sawfish is how agile it is. All sawfish are good swimmers, but the largetooth sawfish is especially good. It can swim backwards, it can jump more than twice its own length out of the water, and it can climb over rocks and other obstacles using its fins, even if the obstacle isn\u2019t completely submerged. It\u2019s possible that other species of sawfish can do the same, but scientists just haven\u2019t observed this behavior yet. We actually don\u2019t know that much about most species of sawfish because of how rare they\u2019ve become.\n\nThe sawfish is a type of ray, and rays are most closely related to sharks. Like sharks, rays have an internal skeleton made of cartilage instead of bone, but they also have bony teeth. You can definitely see the similarity between sharks and sawfish in the body shape although the sawfish is flattened underneath, which allows it to lie on the ocean floor. There\u2019s also another detail that helps you tell a sawfish from a shark: the rostrum, or snout. It\u2019s surprisingly long and studded with teeth on both sides, which makes it look like a saw.\n\nThe teeth on the sawfish\u2019s saw are actual teeth. They\u2019re called rostral teeth and the rostrum itself is part of the skull, not a beak or a mouth. It\u2019s covered in skin just like the rest of the body. The sawfish\u2019s mouth is located underneath the body quite a bit back from the rostrum\u2019s base,