During the Cold War with the Soviet Union, science and engineering at both Stanford and U.C. Berkeley were heavily funded to develop Cold War weapon systems. Stanford\u2019s focus was Electronic Intelligence and those advanced microwave components and systems were useful in a variety of weapons systems. Starting in the 1950\u2019s, Stanford\u2019s engineering department became \u201coutward facing\u201d and developed a culture of spinouts and active faculty support and participation in the first wave of Silicon Valley startups.