Avi Goldfarb, a professor at the University of Toronto\u2019s Rotman School of Management, explains the economics of machine learning, a branch of artificial intelligence that makes predictions. He says as prediction gets cheaper and better, machines are going to be doing more of it. That means businesses \u2014 and individual workers \u2014 need to figure out how to take advantage of the technology to stay competitive. Goldfarb is the coauthor of the book \u201cPrediction Machines: The Simple Economics of Artificial Intelligence.\u201d