A Pyrosequencing study in the December Gastroenterology looked at the role of gastrointestinal microbiota in the etiology of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Compositions of microbial communities were examined in 40 pairs of twins who were concordant or discordant for Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Dr. Kuemmerle speaks to Dr. Lars Engstrand of the Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control; plus, a rundown of top stories from this month's issue of GI and Hepatology News.