309. Atrial Fibrillation: Situational Assessment of Stroke and Bleeding Risk with Dr. Hafiza Khan
Dr. Daniel Ambinder (CardioNerds Co-Founder), Dr. Kelly Arps (Series Co-Chair and EP fellow at Duke University), Dr. Stephanie Fuentes Rojas (FIT Lead and EP fellow at Houston Methodist), and Dr. Ingrid Hsiung (Cardiology Fellow at Baylor Scott & White Health) discuss situational assessment of stroke and bleeding risk with expert faculty Dr. Hafiza Khan (Electrophysiologist at Baylor Scott & White Health). In this episode, we discuss stroke and bleeding risk in specific situations such as prior to cardioversion, triggered episodes, and perioperatively. These are scenarios that are commonly encountered and pose specific challenges. Episode notes were drafted by Dr. Stephanie Fuentes. Audio editing by\xa0CardioNerds Academy Intern,\xa0Dr. Maryam Barkhordarian.\n\n\n\nThis CardioNerds Atrial Fibrillation series is a multi-institutional collaboration made possible by contributions of stellar fellow leads and expert faculty from several programs, led by series co-chairs,\xa0Dr. Kelly Arps\xa0and\xa0Dr. Colin Blumenthal.\n\n\n\nThis series is supported by an educational grant from the Bristol Myers Squibb and Pfizer Alliance. All CardioNerds content is planned, produced, and reviewed solely by CardioNerds.\n\n\n\nWe have collaborated with VCU Health to provide CME. Claim free CME here!\n\n\n\nDisclosures: Dr. Ellis discloses grant or research support from Boston Scientific, Abbott-St Jude, advisor for Atricure and Medtronic.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nCardioNerds Atrial Fibrillation PageCardioNerds Episode PageCardioNerds AcademyCardionerds Healy Honor Roll\n\n\n\n\n\nCardioNerds Journal ClubSubscribe to The Heartbeat Newsletter!Check out CardioNerds SWAG!Become a CardioNerds Patron!\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nPearls and Quotes - Atrial Fibrillation: Situational Assessment of Stroke and Bleeding Risk \n\n\n\n\nIn patients with persistent atrial fibrillation with tachycardia induced cardiomyopathy, timely restoration of normal rhythm is important. In patients not on established oral anticoagulation one option is to wait 3 weeks on oral anticoagulation prior to considering cardioversion. Another option is to pursue TEE prior to cardioversion as TEE is currently the gold standard imaging modality to exclude a LAA thrombus.\n\n\n\nFollowing cardioversion (chemical or electrical), anticoagulation must not be interrupted for 4 weeks due to atrial stunning. This is especially true for patients who have been in atrial fibrillation for an extended period of time.\n\n\n\nIndividualizing assessment of stroke and bleeding risk is imperative when determining perioperative anticoagulation (AC) management. ACC has a helpful app (ManageAnticoag App) to make this easier.\n\n\n\nWhen considering AC in triggered atrial fibrillation (e.g., pneumonia, sepsis), it is important to consider the substrate that made the patient susceptible to developing atrial fibrillation. AC is favored in patients with high CHA2DS2-VAsC score and many traditional risk factors for atrial fibrillation as they are at high risk for future development of atrial fibrillation.\n\n\n\nAtrial fibrillation is a marker of poor outcomes in patients who have undergone coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. It is unclear if patients should be started on long-term AC for new onset atrial fibrillation after CABG regardless of risk factors. This is currently being investigated in the PACES trial.\n\n\n\n\nNotes - Atrial Fibrillation: Situational Assessment of Stroke and Bleeding Risk \n\n\n\nHow do we choose an imaging modality for excluding LAA thrombus exclusion prior to cardioversion?\n\n\n\n\nTEE is the gold standard. It also provides other information that is important for management of atrial fibrillation (e.g. LA size/volume, presence/degree of mitral regurgitation/stenosis, ejection fraction).\n\n\n\nGated cardiac CTA may have a growing role for evaluation of LAA thrombus.\n\n\n\n\nWhat is the data behind the recommendation for uninterrupted AC following cardioversion and what is atrial stunning?\n\n\n\n\nAll patients should be anticoagulated for four weeks after cardioversion,