BROADCASTS.com

It\u2019s another session of CardioNerds Rounds! In these rounds, Dr. Karan Desai (Formerly FIT at University of Maryland Medical Center and currently faculty at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine) joins Dr. Dan Burkhoff (Director of Heart Failure, Hemodynamics and MCS Research at the Cardiovascular Research Foundation) to discuss mechanical circulatory support options through the lens of pressure-volume loops! Dr. Burkhoff is the author of Harvi, an interactive simulation-based application for teaching and researching many aspects of ventricular hemodynamics. Don\u2019t miss this wonderfully nerdy episode with a world-renowned expert in hemodynamics and MCS! Audio editing by\xa0CardioNerds Academy Intern,\xa0student doctor Chelsea Amo Tweneboah.\n\n\n\n\n\nThis episode is supported with unrestricted funding from Zoll LifeVest. A special thank you to Mitzy Applegate and Ivan Chevere for their production skills that help make CardioNerds Rounds such an amazing success. All CardioNerds content is planned, produced, and reviewed solely by CardioNerds. Case details are altered to protect patient health information. CardioNerds Rounds is co-chaired by\xa0Dr. Karan Desai\xa0and\xa0Dr. Natalie Stokes.\xa0\n\n\n\nChallenging Cases - Atrial Fibrillation with Dr. Hugh Calkins\n\n\n\n\n\nCardioNerds Rounds PageCardioNerds Episode PageCardioNerds AcademyCardionerds Healy Honor Roll\n\n\n\n\n\nCardioNerds Journal ClubSubscribe to The Heartbeat Newsletter!Check out CardioNerds SWAG!Become a CardioNerds Patron!\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nShow notes - Hemodynamics and Mechanical Circulatory Support\n\n\n\nCase Synopsis:\n\n\n\nCase SynopsisWe focused on one case during these rounds. A man in his mid-50s presented to his local community hospital with 3 days of chest pain, nausea, and vomiting. He appeared ill in the emergency room with HR in the 150s, BP 90/70s and ECG demonstrating inferior ST elevations. He was taken emergently to the catheterization lab and received overlapping stents to his right coronary artery. Over the next 24 hours, he developed a new harsh systolic murmur heard throughout his precordium and progressed to cardiogenic shock. Echocardiogram demonstrated a large basal inferoseptum ventricular septal rupture. From this point, we discussed the hemodynamics of VSR and MCS options.\n\n\n\nCase Takeaways\n\n\n\n\nDr. Burkhoff took us through the hemodynamics of VSR with pressure-volume loops to better understand the pathology and impact of various MCS options. Of note, there are no MCS devices specifically approved to treat acute ventricular septal rupture.\n\n\n\nIn regards to the acute hemodynamic effects of a VSR (an abrupt left to right shunt), there are several aspects to note. First, the effective LV afterload is reduced; however, there is less \u201cforward flow\u201d as well and as a consequence, decreased left-sided cardiac output (\u201cQs\u201d) and blood pressure. At the same time, flow through the pulmonary artery increases (the \u201cQp\u201d). Additionally, due to the abrupt shunt flow, there is increased RV \u201cloading\u201d with increasing central venous pressure and pulmonary artery pressure.\n\n\n\nThe hemodynamic priorities in treating patients with cardiogenic shock and VSR are to normalize blood pressure, cardiac output, and oxygen delivery, while attempting to minimize shunt flow to allow healing. However, medications and MCS are unlikely to completely normalize hemodynamics. For instance, if the patient was placed on peripheral VA ECMO, while total CO and BP may increase, flow across the VSR could also increase at high ECMO flows (e.g., by introducing more LV afterload).\n\n\n\nIn patients with persistent cardiogenic shock and VSR, short-term MCS to divert flow away from the shunt can be an effective strategy. LV-to-aorta or LA-to-arterial MCS may provide the best single-device hemodynamic profiles by decreasing shunt flow, reducing pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, and improving blood pressure.\n\n\n\nSurgical and percutaneous VSD repair are the definitive treatment options. If able to stabilize patients and pursue delayed repair,